1 / 19

Lec 6

Lec 6. Fermentation and Cellular Respiration Fermentation the degradation of a sugar that occurs without the help of oxygen What type of Metabolic pathway is fermentation is it Catabolic or is it Anabolic? Catabolic. Two types of Fermentation Alcohol fermentation

fay
Download Presentation

Lec 6

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Lec 6

  2. Fermentation and Cellular Respiration • Fermentation • the degradation of a sugar that occurs without the help of oxygen • What type of Metabolic pathway is fermentation is it Catabolic or is it Anabolic? • Catabolic

  3. Two types of Fermentation • Alcohol fermentation • Lactic acidfermentation Fermentation

  4. Pyruvate converted to ethanol • 2 Steps • 1st step releases CO2 from pyruvate • 2nd step acetaldehyde reduced by NADH to ethanol Alcohol Fermentation

  5. P 2 ADP + 2 2 ATP i LE 9-17a Glycolysis Glucose 2 Pyruvate 2 NAD+ 2 NADH CO2 2 + 2 H+ 2 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol Alcohol fermentation

  6. Pyruvate is reduced directly byNADH, • Forms lactate as an end product • no release of CO2 • Lactic acid fermentation • fungi and bacteria to make cheese and yogurt • Human muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation • to generate ATP when O2 is scarce Lactic acid Fermentation

  7. P 2 ADP + 2 2 ATP i LE 9-17b Glycolysis Glucose 2 NAD+ 2 NADH + 2 H+ 2 Pyruvate 2 Lactate Lactic acid fermentation

  8. The ATP made during fermentation is generated by what? • Substrate-level phosphorylation • What is substrate-level phosphorylation? - Production of ATP from ADP by direct transfer of a high-energy phosphate group from a phosphorylated intermediate Fermentation

  9. What type of Metabolic pathway is substrate-level phosphorylation? (Catabolic or Anabolic) • Catabolic pathway (Release energy) • What type of reaction is substrate-level phosphorylation? (exergonic or endergonic?) • Exergoinic (energy outward) • So ∆G would be? • negative Fermentation

  10. Cellular Respiration • Oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with the organic fuel • What type of Metabolic pathway is Cellular Respiration? • In Eukaryotic cells what is the main area/compartment of cellular respiration? • What is the “Fuel” for cellular respiration?

  11. Oxidation-reduction reactions • A transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another • Oxidation • the loss of electrons from one substance • Reduction • the addition of electrons to another substance Redox Reactions

  12. Where does the Oxidation and Reduction Occur? Redox Reactions

  13. What is the Reducing Agent and what does it reduce? What is the Oxidizing agent and what does it oxidize? Na – is oxidized the loss of electrons Cl – is reduced the gain of electrons Redox Reactions

  14. What is the Reducing Agent and what does it reduce? Na – is the Reducing agent (electron donor) Cl – is Reduced What is the Oxidizing agent and what does it oxidize? Cl – is the Oxidizing agent (electron acceptor) Na – is Oxidized Redox Reactions

  15. Where does the Oxidation and Reduction Occur? Redox Reactions

  16. Redox Reactions

  17. becomes oxidized C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy becomes reduced • During cellular respiration, the fuel (such as glucose) is oxidized and oxygen is reduced: Some redox reactions do not transfer electrons but change the electron sharing in covalent bonds This is what occurs here the IMPORTANT point is that the change in the covalent status of electrons as hydrogen is transferred to oxygen is what liberates energy Cellular Respiration

  18. Is a series of steps • Cellular respiration DOES NOT oxidize glucose in a single step that would transfer all the hydrogen from the fuel to the oxygen at one time. • Fuel, glucose is broken down in steps • Each step is catalyzed by an enzyme. • Hydrogens are stripped from glucose then usually passed first to the coenzyme NAD+ • NAD+ functions as an Oxidizing agent • NAD+ + H  NADH Cellular Respiration

  19. Krebs Cycle • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WcRm3MB3OKw • Glycolysis • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nKgUBsC4Oyo • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ub1zTkZL5sE • Making ATP (make it rain remix) Kreb Cycle • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YyN0wx2AHfE&feature=related Videos

More Related