The rise of INDUSTRY

1. The rise of INDUSTRY in Monmouthshire

2. Industry in Monmouthshire A map of Monmouthshire, 1834 A map of Monmouthshire 1805 Look at these maps of Monmouthshire. Can you identify the biggest changes?

3. Does Newport (and the settlements around it) look heavily populated in 1805? Are there any iron works or furnaces around Newport? Can you find any mines in the valleys around Newport? Monmouthshire - 1805 What features CAN you see? Click on the hotspots for close ups of each area.

4. Are there any iron works or furnaces around Newport? Why are there no tram roads around the towns of Usk and Caerleon? Where are all the iron works? Why are the iron works clustered in one area? Monmouthshire - 1834 Click on the hotspots for close ups of each area.

5. Impacts on Newport How are the growing industries having an effect on Newport? Look at these pictures drawn at the time. What do they show is happening?

8. Industry in Monmouthshire The coasting trade is very considerable, and is chiefly carried on with Bristol, in sloops from twelve to sixty tons each. The exports are principally coal, which in 1798 was shipped at 12s 6d per chaldron, and pig iron, together with bar iron, bloomeries and castings. The imports are shop goods, furniture and a few other articles, sent up the canal for the consumption of the interior. (Coxe, A Historical Tour Through Monmouthshire, 1801.) The principal commodities conveyed to Newport by this canal are pit coal, timber, and different sorts of iron, but principally pig iron, from the numerous foundries in the Western Mountains. (Coxe, A Historical Tour Through Monmouthshire, 1801.) …and it [Newport] receives thence, for export, the greater part of the produce of the iron-works of Pontypool, Varteg, Blaina, Nant-y-Glo, Victoria, Ebbw Vale, Beaufort, Tredegar, Sirhowy, Bute and Rumney, and of a large number of very considerable collieries. (G T Clark. Report to the General Board of Health on the Borough of Newport. 1850) The necessity of a floating dock in a port like this , for which nature has done so much, whose commanding position is so admirable for all the purposes of large commercial operations was long apparent; and as the great mineral treasures of the County were progressively developed this necessity became more urgent. (Monmouthshire Merlin 15th October 1842) The vast resources in coal and iron, which the back and hill country possess, and which may be considered as pent up for want of sufficient outlet and accommodation for those vessels of large size, which can alone convey this produce to distant foreign countries, will now burst upon the port like a mountain torrent… (Monmouthshire Merlin 15th October 1842)

9. What you need to do… • 1)This slide has five pieces written about the Industrial Revolution in Newport in the first half of the 19th Century. • Each one can be viewed (and hidden) by clicking on the numbers. • Read each one carefully and type any information that you find in the text box provided. • When collecting information, think about: • The types of industry and the speed of growth • The towns and villages involved • The methods of transport used • How this would have changed the environment of the areas involved. • 2) Read the pieces again. Can you find which comments could be FACT and which sound like the author’s OPINION? Use your whiteboard highlighter tool to mark your findings!