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Encounters and Foundations to 1800 Introduction to the Literary Period. Feature Menu. Fast Facts Key Concept: Native Cultures Thrive in America Key Concept: The Puritans Settle in New England Key Concept: The Rise of Rationalism Your Turn. Encounters and Foundations to 1800 Fast Facts.
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Encounters and Foundations to 1800Introduction to the Literary Period Feature Menu Fast Facts Key Concept: Native Cultures Thrive in America Key Concept: The Puritans Settle in New England Key Concept: The Rise of Rationalism Your Turn
Encounters and Foundations to 1800Fast Facts Political and Social Highlights • Dekanawida, a Mohawk visionary, unites American Indian peoples with the Iroquois Confederacy, c. 1500. • Pilgrims land at Plymouth in 1620. • Colonists battle the British in the Revolutionary War from 1775 to 1783.
Encounters and Foundations to 1800Fast Facts Literary Highlights • Columbus’s journal, published in 1493, describes the North American continent and its people. • Anne Bradstreet publishes the Tenth Muse in 1650. • Benjamin Franklin publishes Poor Richard’s Almanack in 1732. [End of Section]
Key Concept: Native Cultures Thrive in America History of the Times • Before the first Europeans arrived, American Indians had lived here for thousands of years. • The first interactions between Europeans and American Indians involved trading.
The Granger Collection, New York Key Concept: Native Cultures Thrive in America History of the Times • Mutual curiosity led to increasing interdependence between the cultures. • Europeans relied on American Indians to teach them survival skills. • Indians were eager to acquire European firearms, textiles, and steel tools. • Settlers, however, exposed native populations to diseases.
Key Concept: Native Cultures Thrive in America Literature of the Times • Native American literature is rooted in oral tradition. • Storytellers were highly valued by their communities. • Oral traditions captured myths of origin and histories of certain Native American groups. • Explorers wrote detailed accounts of the American Indians they encountered. Cabeza de Vaca in the Desert by Frederic Remington.
Key Concept: Native Cultures Thrive in America Comprehension Check What interactions took place between European settlers and Native Americans? [End of Section]
Key Concept: The Puritans Settle in New England History of the Times • The Puritans’ moral, ethical, and religious convictions helped shape American character. • Puritans believed in thrift, hard work, and self-sufficiency. • They also believed that a spiritual contract existed between God and humanity.
Key Concept: The Puritans Settle in New England History of the Times • In the Mayflower Compact, the Puritans set out a new form of government. • This contractual agreement became a model for American constitutional democracy. • Because political authority was based on religious tenets, the political views of Puritans were sometimes uncompromising and harsh.
Key Concept: The Puritans Settle in New England Literature of the Times • The Bible provided a model for Puritan writing. • Each life was viewed as a journey to salvation, so Puritans connected Biblical events to events in their own lives. • Diaries and histories were the most common forms of literature; they reflected a sense of intense piety and strict self-discipline.
Key Concept: The Puritans Settle in New England Comprehension Check Explain three ways in which Puritan beliefs influenced the colonists’ lives. [End of Section]
Key Concept: The Rise of Rationalism History of the Times • European political and social turmoil led people to question the divine right of monarchs. • A new movement, the Enlightenment, began to spread, fostering a belief in rationalism. • Rationalists believe that reason and intellect, rather than revelation, lead to discoveries of scientific and spiritual truth. • Inspired by rationalism, the founders of the new country set forth ideals of religious tolerance and individual liberty.
Key Concept: The Rise of Rationalism Literature of the Times • Most American writing was in response to unfolding political and social events: independence from Britain, the struggle of women to gain equality with men, or the struggle of enslaved African Americans to end slavery. • Pamphlets, letters, and poetry were popular forms of literature. • The most famous piece of literature of the time period was Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography.
Key Concept: The Rise of Rationalism Comprehension Check How did rationalism differ from Puritanism, and what effect did rationalism have on the new American political system? [End of Section]
Encounters and Foundations to 1800Introduction to the Literary Period Your Turn With a partner, summarize the main historical events and important types of literature that shaped this time period. Try to use the following Academic Vocabulary words in your analysis: aspect interpret cite perspective contemporary [End of Section]
