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Ancient China

Chapter 4. Ancient China. Geographical Influences. Mountains, sea, and desert provide some protection and isolation Vulnerable to northwest River valleys Yellow (Huang He) - earliest civilization - damaging floods Yangtze - very important in unification- transportation- irrigation.

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Ancient China

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  1. Chapter 4 Ancient China

  2. Geographical Influences • Mountains, sea, and desert provide some protection and isolation • Vulnerable to northwest • River valleys • Yellow (Huang He)- earliest civilization - damaging floods • Yangtze - very important in unification- transportation- irrigation

  3. Outside China during Shang period (1750BC – 1000BC) • Hammurabi’s code • Mycenaean Civilization In Greece • Vedic period in India • Stonehenge in England • Moses led Israelites out of Egypt • Mayans processed rubber • King Tut • Homer’s Troy fell • Ramses II of Egypt

  4. Earliest Civilizations - most isolated • Earliest group – (Neolithic) Ban Po- similar to other parts of the world/ one of the oldest civilizations • Shang Dynasty 1750-1000 BC (FIRST DYNASTY) in N. China along the Huang He - raised silk worms - silk part fascination of China, famous for bronze sculpture, daggers, jade jewelry paid homage to ancestors- family important • Zhou Dynasty 1000-256 BC – longest dynasty – developed foundations for Chinese society

  5. Dynastic Cycle & Mandate of Heaven • Mandate of Heaven • Divine (heavenly) approval giving the right to rule to the emperor

  6. Zhou Dynasty • Wu Wang – first king of Zhou, gave land grants to lords, relatives, & general • Farming was profitable • Blast furnace used to create iron • Education spread from upper classes to others • Book of Songs – 305 poems • 707-480 BC – lords became too powerful • Civil War followed, ending the Zhou Dynasty

  7. Qin Dynasty • Qin Shin Huangdi– founded dynasty 221BC • authoritarian ruler: • ordered nobles to capital • everyone paid high taxes • strict laws & harsh punishments • burned books • created unity with coins, weights & measures, and roads & canals • Ordered sections of wall to be joined to form a “Great Wall” • Son overthrown – end of dynasty

  8. Great Wall of China

  9. Han Dynasty • Liu Bang – founded dynasty 202BC • Wudi– greatest leader • built Silk Road for trade with the West • established school for civil servants – need for civil service examination rather than favoritism • improved silk factories; invented paper, stirrups, wheelbarrow; plow with moveable parts • expanded territory from Korea to Vietnam • AD220 – warlords attacked & overthrew emperor

  10. Ancient Philosophies • religions in Ancient China • Confucianism– 5 Relationships • Daoism– Yin & Yang, balance • Buddhism(from India) • showed concerned with ethical life on earth • Filial Piety – obedience and respect for one’s parents • Legalism– strong law and harsh punishment to maintain order, created by Xunzi

  11. Confucianism • Moral and ethical code highly developed to treat everyone with consideration • Value on family head- ancestor respect • Valued loyalty, righteousness, wisdom, sincerity • Five Relationships: one is an example to the other, inferior learns from superior • Ruler - subjects • Father – son • Husband – wife • Older Brother – younger brother • Friend – friend (members of a community)

  12. 5 Relationships of Confucius

  13. Daoism (Taoism) and the Laosi • contemporary of Confucius • Dao/Tao= the way • the Dao is absolute = sum of existence • goal: to bring people into harmony • very introspective • not as influential as Confucius, but still popular

  14. Religion in China

  15. Life and Culture • Sons more important than daughters • Ban Zhao – wrote guide for young women, Admonitions for Girls • agrarian economy – based on farming • excellent scholars and mathematicians • calculated when eclipse would occur • books written on Algebra & Geometry • pi(p) calculated to 6 decimal places (3.141592) • physiciansneeded to pass an examination to practice – patients treated with acupuncture • educationand literacy was mostly for upper class – most important during Zhou dynasty

  16. Terra Cotta Army: First Emperor’s Tomb Chinese Cooking Vessel

  17. Tomb Rubbing

  18. Bell Ringer:As you sit down and get ready for the day, think about this and create a quick chart in your notes…

  19. Unit Exam Next WeekTuesday (1, 3) or Wednesday (5, 6) • Look over the review half sheet • Items at the top are where the questions come from – NOT useable for notes! • FIB Outlines, charts, and handwritten notebook notes ARE acceptable notes! • You only need to know what is on the sheet – noticed they are grouped by topic/chapter • IF SOMETHING IS NOT ON THE HALF SHEET IT IS NOT ON THE UNIT EXAM! • MULTIPLE CHOICE – we will be using the qwizdom remotes, no pencil needed

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