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Taxonomy

Taxonomy. What is taxonomy ?. Taxonomy is the branch of biology concerned with the grouping and naming of organisms Biologists who study this are called taxonomists. How did it start?. People wanted to organize their world so they began grouping , or classifying everything they saw.

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Taxonomy

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  1. Taxonomy

  2. What is taxonomy? • Taxonomy is the branch of biology concerned with the grouping and naming of organisms • Biologists who study this are called taxonomists

  3. How did it start? • People wanted to organize their world so they began grouping, or classifying everything they saw.

  4. Things that swim • Things that fly • Things that crawl • Things that walk on four legs • Things that chew their food • Things that swallow food whole • Things that are toxic

  5. Why classify? • To help us study the earth • To help us organize all the species we discover . . .

  6. To give every species a name based on a standard method so scientists from different countries can talk about the same animal without confusion

  7. Who is Carolus Linnaeus? • Carolus Linnaeus was a Swedish botanist • Developed a 7-level (taxa) classification system based on similarities between organisms

  8. Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species King Phillip Came Over For Grape Soda The Seven Level System

  9. How does it work? • There are 6 broad kingdoms • Every living thing that we know of fits into one of the six kingdoms • Each level gets more specific as fewer organisms fit into any one group

  10. An organism is known by two names… • This system uses a binomial nomenclature • A binomial nomenclature is a classification system using two names to identify an organism • Bi means two • Nomen means name

  11. The two names… • First you write the organism’s genus, which consists of a group of closely related species, and the second name is the species which can reproduce and create fertile offspring. • Humans= • Genus: Hominidae, species: sapien • Thus, we are Homosapiens

  12. Binomial Nomenclature • The genus name is always Capitalized. The species is not. When scientific names are handwritten, they are underlined: • Ex. Dog= Canisfamiliarisor • C. familiaris is also acceptable Canis lupus is the scientific name for a gray wolf. • Canis is the genus name • lupus is the species name

  13. Species... A species consists of organisms that can mate and produce fertile offspring. Ex. Humans can breed with other humans, and their offspring can also have offspring.

  14. Ex. Horses and donkeys can mate. They produce a mule, but the mule is infertile. • Are horses and a donkeys the same species? Horse Donkey Mule

  15. Quick Review • What are the seven taxa or levels? • Who designed the system? • What taxa are organisms named with?

  16. How many classification levels does a bob cat and a lion share? • What does this say about their evolution?

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