LO: To understand the purpose of the Domesday Book

1. LO: To understand the purpose of the Domesday Book Key Enquiry 5:What was the impact of the Norman Conquest on the English by 1087? The Domesday Book – William’s survey Folkestone.5 churches, 11½ mills, 1 salthouse. Seaside resort and fishing port Leeds Vines, 5 mills, church. Church has a massive 11th century tower. Normans rebuilt the wooden Saxon castle, Leeds Castle, in stone in 1120. • To identify what the Domesday Book was • To question why William really created the Domesday Book • To determine the impact the Domesday Book would have had on English society Starter: Above are two entries from the Domesday Book. Using the source, what can you learn about what the Domesday Book might be?Extension: What can you infer about why entries like this were recorded?

2. The Three Ways William controlled The Domesday Book Motte and Bailey Castles The Feudal System

3. Were castles William's only way of securing power? Use the 'students notes' provided below to discover more about castles and William's way of ruling England Student Notes • The Normans imposed several major changes on the Anglo-Saxon way of life. The most notable were the introduction of the Feudal System, Castles and French as the official language at court • After the Battle of Hastings William gained security in England by granting areas of land to trusted Norman nobles, who in return had to perform certain duties such as building and defending castles and providing knights for the king. This was all part of the Feudal System (see below) • In 1070 William founded Battle Abbey on the site of the Battle of Hastings. He also introduced 'tithes', a tax whereby thepopulationhad to pay one-tenth (a tithe) of their annual increases in profit to the church • In 1086 William commissioned the Domesday Book

4. The Feudal System • The King owned all the land. He granted land to: • Tenants-in-chief (Barons and Bishops), who in return swore an oath of loyalty to the king. They agreed to buildcastles and provide knights for his army. The tenants-in-chief in turn granted land to: • Knights, whoin return swore an oath of loyalty to them and promised to fight for the king’s army for 40 days a year. The knights in turn granted land to: • Peasants, whoin return swore an oath of loyalty to them and had to provide free labour, food and services for the knight

5. The Ways William controlled Motte and Bailey Castles The Feudal System Recap: Explain how William used castles and the Feudal system to control England?

6. LO: To understand the purpose of the Domesday Book Key Words • Domesday Book - The Domesday Book is a great land survey from 1086, commissioned by William the Conqueror to assess the extent of the land and resources being owned in England at the time, and the extent of the taxes he could raise.

7. The Domesday Book • In 1085 William 1st ordered a survey to discover the resources and taxable values of all the boroughs and manors in England. • He wanted to discover: • Who owned what. • How much it was worth. • How much was owed to him as King in tax, rents, and military service.

8. The Domesday Book • All the information was written down in two big books, which still exist today at the National Archives. • The officials took over a year to visit 13,000 villages. Soldiers threatened to kill people if they did not tell the truth. • The book showed about 200. Normans controlled all the land of England. • It valued England at £37,000! • It was the first survey of England and was written in Latin.

9. Why was it called Domesday? • Historians believe it was named after the biblical day of ‘Doomsday’ • This was the Judgment day when Christ returned to judge the living and the dead • There was to be no appeal against the decisions made, and this was the same for the Doomsday Book

10. WHAT? The Domesday Book is in fact two separate books which are called the Little Domesday and the Great Domesday Book.

11. WHO? William the Conqueror ordered the writing of the Domesday Book.

12. People believed the book brought doom and gloom to the people of England - hence "Domesday Book". The decision of what someone owed was final - rather like Judgement Day when your soul was judged for Heaven or Hell. More than 13,000 places feature in Domesday. MORE INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE DOMESDAY BOOK The survey - where it was carried out - was considered so thorough that one Englishman wrote:  "so very thoroughly did William have the enquiry carried out, that there was not a single piece of land, not even an ox, cow or pig which escaped the notice of the survey." 

13. LO: To understand the purpose of the Domesday Book Copy and complete as we work through the slides

14. LO: To understand the purpose of the Domesday Book The making of Domesday Events before:A Danish army had joined forces with the Count of Flanders and was threatening to invade England. This was one of the biggest crises of William’s reign. William didn’t want to lose control of his precious England.William spent a lot of time with his council and thought up an unexpected plan – he ordered a survey of the country he had conquered after 1066. This would provide a record of every piece of land and property in his kingdom, down to the last pig! What is surprising about the Domesday Book?1) It is not a single book – Originally Domesday was two books: Little Domesday covered the counties of Essex, Norfolk and Suffolk; Great Domesday covered the rest of England 2) It’s official name was not Domesday Book – In the 11th century, Domesday was kept in the royal treasury at Winchester so was known as the Book of Winchester, or sometimes just the King’s Book. The English people wanted to give it a name that reflected it’s power. Domesday – ‘the day of judgement’. What was written in the Domesday Book was final. There was no going back.

15. LO: To understand the purpose of the Domesday Book The survey What is the name of the manor and how many hides are there? (A hide was 120 acres of land)2) What resources are in the manor?How many ploughs, mills, fisheries?3) The type of land?Is it woodland? How much meadow? 4) Who lives on the manor?Freemen, villeins, slaves?5) What is the value of the manor?How much is it worth? Collecting the information for Domesday was a massive task. William organised England into seven circuits (regions) and appointed four commissioners to collect the information in each circuit. They had to focus on the individual manors in their circuit and ask the same questions to 13’400 English manors! Here is an example of what kind of information was recorded in Domesday

16. LO: To understand the purpose of the Domesday Book Reflect Go to page 82-85 Read the content (as a class). Then answer the following questions in full and clear sentences Describe the making of the Domesday book? What did the inquests entail? Describe the key features of the book? Explain what historians believe the book was really for?

17. LO: To understand the purpose of the Domesday Book Local Study Analyse the translated entry of the Domesday Book for Newington, Kent. 1) Describe three things you can learn about Newington after 1066 from the source. From the source I can learn that Newington…… 2) It shows us that Newington had a ‘very large’ population. How could William use this to his advantage?

18. LO: To understand the purpose of the Domesday Book What was the Domesday Book really for? • Domesday is a remarkable record but nobody can be sure exactly why William wanted this extensive document created. For many years, historians have put forward different interpretations about the reasons for the Domesday Survey. • For many years, historians believed that William wanted to produce a massive tax database so that he could squeeze more money out of the richer parts of England. William did need taxes to defend England from the threat of the Vikings, so this may have been the case! • Many historians now believe that Domesday was an efficient way for the Normans to establish their legal right to own English lands. It confirmed the Normans as lords as their rule was now written down in an important document. More importantly, it confirmed William as the undisputed ruler of England – so can be seen as an instrument for royal power and control!

19. LO: To understand the purpose of the Domesday Book The Domesday Book was a way of allowing William to consolidate his power in England Agree Somewhat Disagree Write your judgement based on the evidence of this lesson

20. LO: To understand the purpose of the Domesday Book Plenary How do the following interpretations of the Domesday Book differ? SOURCE B - Wikipedia, 2006 Domesday Book (also known as Domesday, or Book of Winchester), was the record of the great survey of England completed in 1086, executed for William the Conqueror. The survey was similar to a census by a government of today. William needed information about the country he had just conquered so he could administer it.One of the main purposes of the survey was to find out who owned what so they could be taxed on it, and the judgment of the assessors was final — whatever the book said about who owned the property, or what it was worth, was the law, and there was no appeal. It was written in Latin, although there were some vernacular words inserted for native terms with no previous Latin equivalent and the text was highly abbreviated. When the book took the name "Domesday" (Middle English spelling of Doomsday) in the 12th century, it was to emphasize its definitiveness and authority (the analogy refers to the Christian belief of a Last Judgment). • PONCE • Purpose, Origin, Nature, Context, Evaluation • Analysis (inside the box) • Evaluation (outside the box)

21. 12 mark exam Q Interpretations B and C are both accounts of the Doomsday book. How far do they differ and what might explain any differences? [12]

22. How would we structure our work? • Intro- Both Interpretations B and C are similar as they show……. However, there are many differences which include….. • P1 (inside the box): Interpretation B is a (type of source) which shows….. Interpretation C is a (type of source) which shows….. They are similar because….. However there are many differences in terms of what both sources show. For example (explain any differences e.g. colour, images, how they represent the person or event, background. You could look at 3-4 differences here). The reason for these differences could be….(explain why you think they differ by using your own knowledge in terms of what they show) • P2 (outside the box/ NOP and message): another way in which the sources are different/similar are in terms of their nature, origin and purpose. For example (then explain any differences in terms of where the source came from, what type of source it is and why the source was created) The message of Interpretation B is…..while C is….. Also the target audience for interpretations B and C differ because…..(explain why you think they differ by using your own knowledge in terms of their NOP-e.g. why would the purpose or target audience make their different?) • Conclusion: Overall they differ a lot/a little/in many ways because….

23. Complete the self evaluation sheet • Highlight the AO4 you achieved on the checklist • Work out your mark • Fill in Pupil Reflection WWW- EBI-