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Land Use in Relation to Urban Sprawl and Agriculture Created by Mindy Moore

Land Use in Relation to Urban Sprawl and Agriculture Created by Mindy Moore Georgia Agriculture Education Curriculum Office July 2003. Overview. The Problem The Two Sides House-building Industry Farmers The Pros & Cons Effects of Urban Sprawl on Agriculture

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Land Use in Relation to Urban Sprawl and Agriculture Created by Mindy Moore

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  1. Land Use in Relation to Urban Sprawl and Agriculture Created by Mindy Moore Georgia Agriculture Education Curriculum Office July 2003

  2. Overview • The Problem • The Two Sides • House-building Industry • Farmers • The Pros & Cons • Effects of Urban Sprawl on Agriculture • Effects of Agriculture on Urban Sprawl • Approaches to Settling the Problem

  3. The Problem • Population Growth • Urban Sprawl • Loss of Agricultural Land and Farms

  4. Population Growth

  5. Population Growth

  6. Urban Sprawl

  7. Urban Sprawl

  8. Loss of Agricultural Land and Farms

  9. Tug-of-war between developers and farmers. The Two-Sides • “This Land is My Land”

  10. House-building Industry • Shelter is a growing concern as the population increases. • Agriculture land is suitable for development because it is: *Flat *Well-drained *More-affordable to developers

  11. Farmers • Every minute 30 acres of forest and farmland are vanishing.

  12. Pros *Larger pool of workers *Off-farm employment *New crops and markets *Non-traditional industries Cons *Loss of farmland *Decline in the market of traditional products *Decrease in crop yields Effects of Urban Sprawl on Agriculture

  13. Advantages

  14. Larger Pool of Workers • Larger Pool of Workers • Seasonal • Part-time • More Labor-Intensive Crops

  15. Off-Farm Employment • Chance for off-farm employment increases. • More financial support for the farm. • 1999 • 90% of farm household income came from off-farm sources.

  16. New Crops and Markets • Fresh Fruits and Vegetables • Sold to local grocery stores and businesses. • Roadside stands and U-pick operations. • Other items and marketing ideas • Homemade goods • Recreational activities

  17. Non-traditional Markets • In Georgia and the other southeastern states, the following industries are multi-million dollar businesses: • Ornamental Landscape • Turfgrass • Floriculture • Pest Control • Lawn Maintenance

  18. Disadvantages

  19. Loss of Farmland

  20. Dairy Products • Field Crops • Farm Input Suppliers Decline in the Market of Traditional Products • Decline in markets for:

  21. Smog • Water Restrictions Decrease in Crop Yields • Decrease in crop yields due to: • Theft • Vandalism

  22. Pros *Aesthetically pleasing *Safe atmosphere Cons *Conflicts and complaints with the neighbors Effects of Agriculture on Urban Sprawl

  23. Benefits

  24. Aesthetically Pleasing

  25. Safe Atmosphere • Away from cities. • Concern for their children. • Social, not economic.

  26. Drawbacks

  27. *Odors *Spraying of chemicals *Noise from machinery Conflicts and Complaints • Complaints from the new neighbors.

  28. Approaches to Settling the Problem • Preservation of farmland through: *Agricultural Protection Zoning *Conservation Easements *Protection Programs *Other Methods • Encouragement for small-scale farms in and near cities. • Adoption of planning strategies.

  29. Benefits *Inexpensive *Implemented quickly *Easy to explain *Flexible *Reduces infrastructure costs Drawbacks *Not permanent *Reduces land values *Difficult to enforce and monitor Agricultural Protection Zoning (APZ)

  30. Conservation Easements • The difference between “fair market value” and agricultural value.” • A written deed. • More permanent protection.

  31. Protection Programs • Varies from state to state. • Federal Farmland Protection Program (FPP) -Established in the 1996 Farm Act. - Provide funding to state, local, and tribal entities with existing farmland protection programs for purchase of conservation easements or other interests. - Administered by the Commodity Credit Corporation.

  32. Other Methods • Circuit Breaker Tax Relieves • These relieves offer tax credits to offset farmers’ property tax bills. • Differential Assessment Laws • These laws direct local governments to assess agricultural land at its value for agriculture, instead of its full fair market value, which is generally higher. • Right-to-Farm Ordinances • A formal statement that agriculture is a valuable part of the county or town economy and culture.

  33. Encouragement for Small-Scale Farms • 1997(Metropolitan farms) • 1/3 of all farms • 39% of farm assets • 79% of dairy products • 90% of the fruit crop • 83% of the vegetables

  34. Adoption of Planning Strategies • Cluster Zoning • Comprehensive Planning • “Conservation Communities” • - Communities where farmland and subdivisions are paired together. • * Indiana, Minnesota, and Colorado • * Prairie Crossing in Grayslake, IL

  35. Prairie Crossing

  36. Final Thoughts • Population growth and urban sprawl are causing commercial agriculture to be wedged out. • There are bound to be conflicts as the two sides argue their case. • For the benefit of America, the sides must work together and compromise. • “We must adjust to changing times and still hold to unchanging principles.”- Jimmy Carter

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