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Physical Science EOCT Review Domain IV Waves, Electricity and Magnetism

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Physical Science EOCT Review Domain IV Waves, Electricity and Magnetism

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    1. Physical Science EOCT Review Domain IV Waves, Electricity and Magnetism

    2. Parts of a Wave

    3. Mechanical (Longitudinal) Waves

    4. Electromagnetic Waves (Transverse) Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves which have both an electric and and magnetic effect. The energy of the photons is directly proportional to the frequency.

    5. Light Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation (EM) EM spectrum shows the forms of radiation in order of increasing frequency (and energy) and decreasing wavelength

    6. Color of Light We see different colors depending on the frequency of light emitted or reflected This is the reason blue flames are hotter than yellow. Blue has a higher frequency so more energy.

    7. Sample Question How are the frequency and wavelength related to the energy carried by waves? Answer: Higher frequency waves have more energy while longer wavelength waves have less energy. Frequency and energy are directly related while wavelength and energy are inversely related. Radio waves (long wavelength) have less energy than gamma waves (high frequency).

    8. Sample Question How are frequency and wavelength related? Answer: Frequency and wavelength are inversely related. High frequency waves have short wavelengths.

    9. Electromagnetic Wave (EM) versus Mechanical Wave EM WAVE does not require matter to transfer energy CAN travel through a vacuum example: light MECHANICAL WAVE does require matter to transfer energy CANNOT travel through a vacuum example: sound

    10. Sample Question Make a Venn Diagram to Compare electromagnetic and mechanical waves. Sample Answer: Electromagnetic waves (light) do not require matter to transfer energy while mechanical waves (sound) require matter to transfer energy. In other words, EM waves will travel in a vacuum while mechanical waves will not.

    11. Reflection of Light When light strikes a boundary, it reflects. The angle at which the wave approaches a flat reflecting surface is equal to the angle at which the wave leaves the surface (like a bounce pass of a basketball). Reflection results in image formation.

    12. Diffraction

    13. Refraction of Light Light waves travel faster in air than in water and slower in glass than water. More dense = slower light When light enters a different medium, speed changes and it bends. Bending of light due to change in speed = REFRACTION

    14. Sample Question

    15. Sound and mediums

    16. Wave Interference the phenomenon which occurs when two waves meet while traveling along the same medium constructive = waves add to produce a larger wave destructive = waves cancel to produce a smaller wave

    17. The Doppler Effect observed whenever the source of waves is moving with respect to an observer an apparent change in frequency occurs toward = higher frequency away = lower frequency

    18. Electricity Electrons carry a negative charge. Lost electrons = positive charge Gained electrons = negative charge REMEMBER: Like charges repel Opposites attract

    19. Static Electricity 3 causes: Friction Conduction Induction

    20. Electrical Circuits Current flows in a closed circuit Two types of circuits: Series (single path) Parallel (many paths)

    21. 2 types of electrical currents Direct current DC Means to move continuously in the same direction Car Batteries is an example Alternating Current AC have electrons that can change direction a gasoline-driven generator is an example

    22. Sample Question

    23. Electromagnet One can make an electromagnet with a nail, battery, and wire When current flows through the coiled wire, the nail becomes magnetized. The more wraps-the greater the energy.

    24. Electric Generators

    25. Sample Question

    26. Sample Question  

    27. Figure Reference Distance versus Time Graph figures: source unknown Forces figure: retrieved from http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/gbssci/phys/CLass/newtlaws/u2l2c1.gif Determining the Net Force figure: retrieved from http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/gbssci/phys/CLass/newtlaws/u2l2d11.gif Newton’s Laws, Gravity, Work, Types of Mechanical Energy, Conservation of Energy, Light, Interference, and Doppler Effect figures: retrieved from http://www.physicsclassroom.com Electrical Circuits figures: retrieved from http://www.autoshop101.com/trainmodules/elec_circuits/circ101.html Electromagnet figure: source unknown

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