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1. Adolf Hitler. Hitler’s Germany Germany 1933-45. His Life up to 1933. Adolf Hitler. 1889-1909. Born in Braunau , Austria Failed his examination s Left school at 16 At nineteen he left home and went to Vienna to become an art student Art Academy did not want him. 1909-1913.
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1 Adolf Hitler Hitler’s Germany Germany 1933-45
His Life up to 1933 Adolf Hitler
1889-1909 • Born in Braunau, Austria • Failed his examination s • Left school at 16 • At nineteen he left home and went to Vienna to become an art student • Art Academy did not want him
1909-1913 • Did odd jobs- • Became interested in Politics • Supported Nationalist parties wanted to make Austria more powerful • Grew to hate socialist parties • Came to hate people of foreign races, especially Jewish people • Thought that foreigners were ruining the life and culture of his country
1913-18 • Left Austria in 1913 to get out of doing National Service in the Army • Joined German army when First World War began • Throughout the war, he was on active service doing the dangerous job of taking messages between the trenches • He won six medals for bravery – including Iron Cross First Class • Said that the war was “the greatest off all experiences” • Was bitter and angry when Germany surrendered • Blamed it on the Jews and socialist politicians
1918-23 • Worked as a “V man” • Spying on political parties • He liked the German Workers Party • Joined in 1919 (one of 55 members) • Party funds were £2 • Hitler became leader of the party • Renamed it National Socialist German Workers Party- Nazi Party • Created ‘Storm Troopers’ to beat up people who disagreed with him • Created the Swastika symbol for the party • Made powerful speeches
1923-33 • Hitler and Storm Troopers tried to overthrow the government by starting a Putsch • They failed • Hitler put in prison for high treason, but received a light sentence • Wrote a book about his life and his ideas – Mein Kampf (my struggle) • 1929- economic depression • People began to listen to his ideas • More and more people voted for Nazis • Became Germany’s biggest party • 2 landslide victories in elections in 1932 • Jan 1933 – Hitler became chancellor of Germany
His Ideas Adolf Hitler
The Fuehrer Principal • Germany must be ruled by a single, strong leader who has great power- a ‘Fuehrer’.
Lebensraum (living space) • Germans need more land to live and work in • By taking over countries east of Germany • Use force to get this land if they do not give it up
Race • The best races are ‘pure’ ones • Which have not interbred with others • Germans, who belong to the ‘Aryan’ race must keep themselves pure in order to become the ‘master race’.
Anti-Semitism • According to Hitler, Jews (Semites as Hitler called them)Are the biggest threat to German purity • According to Hitler, Jews are involved in a great conspiracy to take control of the world • According to Hitler, Jews helped to bring about Germany’s defeat in the Great War
Communism • Communism, the political system of Russia, is dangerous, so it too must be destroyed
The Treaty of Versailles • Peace treaty is unfair • Must be cancelled • Land must be returned to Germany • France must be destroyed.
His appeal Adolf Hitler
“Here it seemed to me was hope….. The sight of discipline in a time of chaos, the impression of energy in an atmosphere of universal hopelessness.” Albert Speer (Nazi) • Many people commented that Hitler could hypnotize audiences
