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1. CLASSICAL CIVILIZATIONS500 BC-600AD

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2. GREECE ESTABLISHED OF THE EARLY GREEK CITY-STATE (POLIS) GREEK POLITICAL STRUCTURE INCLUDE MONARCHY, ARISTOCRACY, OLIGARCHY, AND DEMOCRACY PERSIAN WAR – GOLDEN AGE (DIRECT DEMOCRACY) GREEK ART – IT ESTABLISHED ORDER,BALANCE, AND PROPORTION
3. GREECE (CONT) GREEK DRAMA GROWTH OF PHILOSOPY ALEXANDER THE GREAT (336 BC – 323 BC) HELLENSTIC ERA BRINGS IN TRADE, ASTRONOMY, MATHEMATICS, PHILOSOPY AND ART. ALEXANDRIA IN EGYPT IS THE CENTER OF THE HELLENSTIC WORLD.
4. ROME ESTABLISHED IN 750 BC ALONG THE TIBER RIVER. RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL IDEAS BORROWED FROM GREEKS AND ETRUSCANS. ROMAN REPUBLIC ESTABLISHED IN 509 BC; VOTING RIGHTS EXTENDED ONLY TO FREE-BORN MALE CITIZENS. ROMAN SOCIETY DIVIDED INTO PATRICIANS (ARISTOCRACY) AND PLEBEIANS (FARMERS AND ARTISANS).
5. ROME (CONT) POLITICAL INFLUENCES – EXECUTIVE BRANCH, LEGISLATIVE BRANCH AND JUDICIAL BRANCH LEGAL CODE – TWELVE TABLES(WRITTEN LIST OF RULES BASED ON THE ROMAN LEGAL SYSTEM) ALL FREE CITIZENS SHOULD BE PROTECTED BY LAW. JUSTINIAN’S CODE OF LAWS – BYZABTINE LAW CODE(529 AD) THAT INFLUENCED EUROPEAN LAWS(ROMAN LAW). PHILOSOPHY BASED ON GREEK STOICISM THAT EMPHASIZES VIRTUE , DUTY, AND MODERATION
6. ROME (CONT) CHRISTANITY DEVELOPS IN THE ROMAN PROVINCE OF JUDEA AND SPREAD THROUGHOUT THE EMPIRE BY MISSIONARIES. NICENE CODE – WRITTEN IN 325 AD DEFINES CHRISTIAN BELIEFS. LATIN – REMAINS LANGUAGE OF LEARNING AFTER FALL OF ROME AND BECOMES THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGE OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH. ROMAN LAW BECOMES BASIS FOR LAWS IN THE WESTERN WORLD.
7. PERSIA PERSIAN EMPIRE FOUNDED BY CYRUS THE GREAT. DARIUS DIVIDES THE EMPIRE INTO PROVINCES THAT ARE PARALLEL TO THE HOMELANDS OF THE DIFFERENT PEOPLE WITHIN THE EMPIRE – THESE PEOPLE BY THEIR OWN LAWS WITHIN THE PERSIAN EMPIRE. ROYAL ROADS CONNECTS THE EMPIRE FOR OVER 1500 MILES AND THE USE OD STANDARDIZED METAL COINS PROMOTE TRADE AND UNIFY THE EMPIRE.
8. PERSIA (CONT) ZOROASTER ESTABLISHES A RELIGION IN WHICH PEOPLE’S OWN CHOICES DETERMINE THEIR FATE. ZOROASTRIANISM – MONOTHESTIC WORSHIP OF AHURE MAZDA AND SACRED WRITINGS KNOWN AS THE AVESTA; ESTABLISHES EARLY BELIEFS IN HEAVEN, HELL, AND A FINAL JUDGEMENT.
9. INDIA ASTRONOMY – EARTH IS ROUND MATHEMATICS – MODERN NUMBERS, ZERO, DECIMALS, VALUE OF PI TO FOUR PLACES(ARYABHATA) SOPHISTICATED MEDICAL GUYIDES AND COMPLEX SURGERY INCLUDING PLASTIC SURGERY. DEVELOPMENT OF BUDDHISM IN INDIA BY SIDDHARTHA GAUTAMA (530 BC).
10. INDIA (CONT) MAURYAN EMPIRE UNDER CHANDRAGUPA AND ASOKA (302 BC-232 BC) – BUREAUCRACY, IMPROVED ROADS, SPREAD OF BUDDHISM. GUPTA EMPIRE (300 AD) – CHANDRA GUPTA I, INDIA’S GOLDEN AGE THROUGH LITERATURE, ASTRONOMY, MEDICINE, AND MATHEMATICS.
11. CHINA ZHOU DYNASTY (1027 BC – 256 BC) – MANDATE OF HEAVEN JUSTIFIES ROYAL AUTHORITY AND ESTABLISHES DYNASTIC CYCLES; NOBLES RULE THROUGH FEUDALISM. PHILOSOPHIES ESTABLISHED UNDER ZHOU – CONFUCIANISM, DAOISM(ESTABLISHED BY LAOZI THAT ADDRESS ORDER AND HARMONY) AND LEGALISM(STRESSED PUNISHMENT OVER REWARDS).
12. CHINA (CONT) QIN DYNASTY (256 BC – 202 BC) – RULED BY SHI HUANGDI, WHO USES LEGALIST IDEAS TO UNIFY CHINA THROUGH AUTOCRACY. CENTRALIZED SYTEM OF HIGHWAYS AND IRRIGATION NETWORKS MASS MURDER OF CONFUCIAN SCHOLAR. GREAT WALL OF CHINA BUILT.
13. CHINA (CONT) HAN DYNASTY (202 BC – 9 AD) – CENTRALIZED GOVERNMENT, COMPLEX BUREACRACY, CIVIL SERVICE JOBS, PROMOTION OF CONFUCIANISM AND INVENTION OF PAPER.
14. THINGS TO REMEMBER PAUL CONTRIBUTED THE SPREAD OF CHRISTANITY AS A MISSIONARY. HE TRAVELD AROUND THE ROMAN EMPIRE CONVERTING PEOPLE TO CHRISTIANITY. THE LEGAL CONCEPT THAT WAS DEVELOPED BY THE CLASSICAL CIVILIZATION WAS INDIVIDUALS HAD NATURAL RIGHTS.