Command and Control for Border Protection

1. Command and Control for Border Protection Johnny Chabalala Saab South Africa

2. Scope • Discuss approached to Border control • C2 solutions for Border control

3. AIM To discuss the use and benefits of Command and Control for border control Training and Simulation integration for Command and Control

4. Border Control approaches Conventional approach Deploy maximum personnel to border areas Manpower intensive Costs can influence deployment numbers and duration New approach Deploy technological systems from appropriate role players and manage inputs for efficient and better border control and management Minimises deployed human resources Increase situational awareness to all levels and stake holders Continuous tracking and monitoring of personnel and assets Utilising training and simulation to improve operational effectiveness

5. Border control execution Border control is not a one man show Control of borders needs well planned and coordinated efforts on the part of all role players Border Management Agency (BMA) is the custodian of the border control function but not the day to day executor NATJOC will be the recipient of information from various sources (coordinating and planning function) NATJOC will task relevant elements to act on incidents (planned and contingency operations/events) Assets and personnel will be deployed efficiently as and when required

6. Use of command and control for border control Use of command and control technologies will have the following advantages Efficient utilisation of all resources Provides real time situational awareness Enhances the output of the commander in terms of situational awareness and decision making under stressful circumstances Quick sharing of intelligence and information Real time distribution of tasks Is interoperable and integrated with training and simulation systems It is the ultimate decision support tool The commander uses these technologies to be able to command and control his human resources and material assets

7. Requirements for command and control Standardise Command and Control Standing Operating Procedures Common Operational language Common Operational planning process Common Doctrine Common Simulation and Training exercises Create interfaces in cases where standardisation is not easily achieved due to Cost Difference in operations Legacy system are still in use Phased approach is used to achieve standardisation over time

8. Command and Control system SCCS C3S Strategic National SCCS C3S MCCS Provincial Operation C3S FSLS Regional Tactical eBodyGuard Play

9. Force or assets location Track assets and personnel on border duties Position is relayed to a computer system in a mobile deployable control room Position can be plotted and shown on a geographical map display

10. Mobile Command and Control Mobile Command, Control, Communication & Information System Comms sub-system also deployed on Patrol Boats to provide an integrated solution

11. Capabilities • Command & Control Capability • Action Information System • Integrated Display of Patrol Boat & Radar Tracks • Radar Inputs • Tracks • Historical Trace of Tracks • Logging of Tracks (War Diary) • Basic Track Management • Display Common Map Formats • Communication Capability: • Voice and data connectivity via military and commercial radios • Data encryption and frequency hopping on tactical radio networks • Satellite Communication (via Broadband Global Area Network) • Wireless Networking (Internal Comms) • Email and Internet Access via Satellite Terminal

12. Deployment – Base Camp

13. Wireless Communication • VSAT • Remote access anywhere • Scalability in application • Quick to deploy • Aerostat • Flexible communications platform • Quick to deploy with low personnel requirement • Wimax • Point to multi-point radio network • Radio Network coverage up to 30 km • Extend content offering to outdoor and mobile environments • Offer fixed and mobile convergence (data and voice) services • Turn key services • Network engineering • Deployment services • Support Services

14. Wimax / VSAT network covering Military camp Wimax Base Station for communication coverage VSAT Connected To Satellite CCTV Camera Telephone and computer Connected to network

15. Aerostat with Wimax and VSAT Backhaul

16. C4I AIR SOLUTIONS Surveillance Control & Air Defence System (SCAD) Mission Ground Support Systems (Gripen, Hawk, Rooivalk) Sensors (Radar, IFF, DF) Military & Civilian Static & Mobile Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunications Network (AFTN) Intelligence for Ops System Intelligence Analysis (GARBEL Client) Military Image Interpretation Computer System Security Server Civil Air Movements Database Air Picture Display System Airborne Air Defense Systems GARBEL Server Air Picture Display System Remote Radio Sites Air Tasking Order System Radio Switch Network (RSN) Recording & Playback System Ground Based Air Defense Systems (GBADS) Surface Based Air Defense Systems Data Voice

17. Airborne surveillance Surveillance aircraft fitted with AEW&C Mission System provides national security, meeting the threats in a changing world. These systems offers total control over air and sea.

18. Training and simulation Training and simulation is a command responsibility Combined training for all role players Facilitate seamless integration (for various departments) Mission rehearsal can improve efficiency, optimise operational and contingency plans and vastly reduce costly errors

19. Training and Simulation Capabilities • LIVE TRAINING • Embedded Training • Precision Gunnery & Skills • Tactical Training • Live fire Training • Drill Rounds • VIRTUAL TRAINING • Flight simulators • Weapon Training • Logistic Training • CONSTRUCTIVE TRAINING • Command and Staff Trainer • Embedded training • Surveillance Training • Crisis Management Training • CBT • AIR • Fighter education • Mission & support training • LAND • War fighter training • Radar & Surveillance Training • SEA • Command and Staff Trainer • CIVIL • First responder • Crises Management

20. Training – Total Capability Provider • Tactical situations • International /Joint environment • Rules of engagement • Other systems C2 etc • Combat techniques • Standard operating procedures • Increasing stress factor • Operations in special environments • Crew and commanders influence • Unit performing battle techniques • Performance under increased stress • Live fire • Weapon handling and knowledge • Firing techniques • Aiming procedures • Live fire PAGE 20

21. CPX PROCEDURAL TRAINING USING SIMULATIONS Exercise Control Determine Desired Outcomes Develop Script using Real Incidents Control Exercise Tempo Drive After Action Review Simulation Control Develop Simulation Solution Simulate Required C4I Functions Opposing Force Actions Situational Awareness Communication Links (Telephone, Intranet, etc..) Integrate with existing C2 Systems Training Audience Operate in Real Environment, using real systems All required Command, Control and Communication systems in place, be it real or simulated systems

22. Individual and Small Team Training using simulation Individual Training Shoot or don’t shoot (Minimum Force) scenario training, using virtual shooting ranges. Live Fire or Laser Fire Options. Computer Based Training, testing required knowledge on the use of force, Law of Armed Conflict and required Area and Mission Specific Knowledge Small Team (Integrated) Training Live Fire Simulation Training (Using Blank Ammunition) Force on Force Training Use Real Weapons with Full Battle Kit Operate in Real Environment Wear Laser Receiving Jackets, With Laser Simulating Fire As Close to Real Combat Situations As Possible: Still Safe

23. Conclusion Command and control will ease use and control of deployed assets Role players will have access to information they require to perform their tasks Command and control systems can include legacy systems Command and control systems are available COTS/MOTS C4IS is an essential element of Border control structure linking the Strategic level to the Tactical level for all components, military, police and civilian. Training and Simulation as a command function prepares role players to perform tasks

24. Thank You Questions?