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National Governor’s Association. Western Regional Competitiveness Forum Denver - April 4 & 5, 2002. Clusters in Rural America. Don Macke. U.S. Forest Service. $. $. $. $. $. $. $. $. $. $. $. $. $. Academies RUPRI Capital Case Study Sites TNC Sites USFS Sites
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National Governor’s Association WesternRegional CompetitivenessForumDenver - April 4 & 5, 2002
Clusters in Rural America Don Macke U.S. Forest Service
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Importance of Entrepreneurs • Pursues Opportunity • Lives Proactively • Leverages Resources • Builds Networks • Creates Value
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor • KCEL & Others • 3rd Year • Comparative International Study • 1999 - 10 Counties • 2000 - 21 Counties • 2001 - 29 Counties
GEM 2000: Entrepreneurship is strongly associated with economic growth! • The level of entrepreneurial activity explains 70 percent of the difference in economic growth among nations. • All nations with high levels of entrepreneurial activity have above average rates of economic growth. • Only a few nations that have above average rates of economic growth have low levels of entrepreneurship.
National Commission on Entrepreneurship High-Growth Companies: Mapping America’s Entrepreneurial Landscape. July 2001
Major Findings: • High-growth companies are truly extraordinary in the economy; fewer than one in twenty U.S. businesses achieve high-growth rates. • High-growth companies are found in all regions of the country, often concentrated in the most surprising areas. • Most fast-growing, entrepreneurial companies are not in “high-tech” industries. • Each one of the 394 regions in the country contains some high-growth companies. • Most regions’ high-growth companies concentrate in certain specific industry sectors.
Entrepreneurial Growth Company Index 128 Fort Collins, CO 127 Laramie, WY 28 North Platte, NE 80 Rock Springs, WY 173 Denver, CO 125 Grand Junction, CO 69 Pueblo, CO 161 Flagstaff, AZ 198 Farmington, NM 112 Sante Fe, NM 126 Colorado Springs, CO
Mini-Wrapup: • Entrepreneurs are Important • EGCs are Critical • ESOs make the Difference
Our Position. . .. Weaker Rural Economic Performance is Due in Part to Lower Levels of Entrepreneurial Activity?
Rural Challenges: • People are Entrepreneurial • Fewer Entrepreneurs • Far Fewer EGCs • Inconsistent ESOs • Dominance of Extractive Industries
GEM-Trends Entrepreneurs are Powerful Economic Drivers Entrepreneurship Rates by Industry Grouping. . . Extractive 4% Transforming 30% Business 21% Consumer 45%
Opportunity: Energizing Rural Entrepreneurs How?
Why Clusters? • Many reasons • It is a remarkably convenient way to organize the rural landscape. • Matches state’s sectoral approaches.
Rural Reality: Place Sector
Rural America’s Economy · Resource Processing · Manufacturing · Forestry · Mining Processing · Energy · Health Care Industries · Agriculture · Housing · Fisheries · Services Natural · Waste · Retail Resource Elderly Industries & Retirees Support Activities America’s · · Second Homes Playground Prisons · · Tourism Military B ases Government · · Federal Lands Recreation · · Indian Reservations Retirement Homes · Corridor Waste Sites Industries · Telecom · Highways · Railroads
Rural Reality: • Increase in Primary Industry Output • Decrease in Massive Restructuring • Decrease in Secondary Industry Output
Central Nevada Story • U.S. Forest Service • Center for Economic Development, University of Nevada at Reno • KCEL • RUPRI • Area Develop Interests
Central Nevada Lander Eureka
Layered Analysis: • Area’s Economic Clusters • Entrepreneurs within Clusters • GAP Analysis • Opportunity Identification
Cycle of Development Opportunity Knowledge Energizes Area Entrepreneurs Increased Deal Flow
Entrepreneurs: • Identify Them • Focus on Them • Customized Support • Connect Them
Entrepreneurs within Rural America EGCs Survival Lifestyle Hobby Active Aspiring Growth Potential
Supporting Entrepreneurs & an Entrepreneurial Climate Market Awareness Perceived Real Opportunities Motivation to Growth Enterprises Business Capacity
Future Work: • U.S. Forest Service • Four Corners Area • Nature Conservancy • Sustainable Practices • Northern Great Plains • Agriculture • State Academies • Targeted Research
For More Information. . . . • Center for Rural Entrepreneurship – http://www.ruraleship.org • Kauffman Center – http://www.entreworld.org • RUPRI - http://www.rupri.org