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Cell Theory and Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote

Learn about the cell theory, the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and the similarities and characteristics of these two types of cells. Discover how scientists made key discoveries using microscopes and the importance of cells in living organisms.

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Cell Theory and Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote

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  1. Cell Theory and Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote

  2. What is a Cell? • Cell – Basic unit of living things. Organisms are either: • Unicellular – made of one cell such as bacteria and amoebas. OR • Multicellular – made of many cells such as plants and animals.

  3. Scientists to Remember • Robert Hooke (1665) – Observed “cells” in cork

  4. Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1674) • Father of Microscopy • Saw tiny living things in pond water.

  5. Cell Theory • Confirmed discoveries that all scientists believe to be true about cells: • 1. Cells are the basic unit of life. • 2. All living things are made of cells. • 3. New cells are produced from existing cells.

  6. Microscopes • Light Microscope – magnifies tiny organisms up to 1,000 times. -Uses light and lenses. -We use these. • Electron Microscope – magnifies up to a million times. -Uses electrons.

  7. before true nucleus nucleus The Discovery of Cells Prokaryotic Eukaryotic

  8. Eukaryotes • Has a nucleus with a nuclear envelope • Bigger and more complex than prokaryotes • Have membrane bound Organelles (golgi, ER, lysosomes…etc) • DNA – double-stranded and forms chromosomes (highly organized) • Can be uni- OR multicellular organisms • Ex: animals, plants, fungi

  9. Prokaryotes NO nucleus NO membrane bound organelles (just ribosomes) ALL are unicellular Smaller than eukaryotic cells Forerunner to eukaryotic cells (smaller and more simple) DNA – single strand and circular Ex: ALL Bacteria

  10. Similarities 1 Contain all four biomolecules (lipids, carbs, proteins, and nucleic acids) 2 Have ribosomes 3 Have DNA 4 Similar Metabolism 5 Can be unicellular 6 Have cell/plasma membranes or cell wall

  11. Eukaryote VS. Prokaryote Picture

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