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Living with Malaria: Obstacles to Elimination

This article explores the challenges of eliminating malaria, including distribution of nets and drugs, compliance with prevention and treatment, infrastructure issues, and cultural superstitions. It also discusses malaria transmission, symptoms, prevention, and treatment.

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Living with Malaria: Obstacles to Elimination

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  1. By Austen Dellinger Living with Malaria: Obstacles to Elimination

  2. The Numbers: • 500,000 years • 3.3 billion • 100 million • 1 minute

  3. Thesis Statement: • Malaria will not be eliminated without improvement of the distribution of nets and drugs, increased compliance with the proper use of these life-saving resources, enhanced infrastructure in countries crippled by malaria, and the dispelling of cultural and religious superstition.

  4. Malaria Transmission and Symptoms: • Malaria spreads as it is passed from mosquito to person and back to mosquito. • Symptoms include: chills and fever with headaches and vomiting, respiratory distress and malaise, strokes, heart problems and brutal anemia.

  5. Vaccination, Prevention, and Treatment: • No vaccine • Best method of malaria prevention: insecticide treated bed nets. • Best cure: a full course of anti-malarial treatment.

  6. Malaria Elimination in the United States: Malaria in North America: • Malaria was prevalent in North America from the 1600s to the mid-1900s. • Now, only about 1500 cases of malaria are reported per year in the U.S. • Bulldozed swamps • Paved roads and sewage systems • Window screens • Availability and affordability of treatment.

  7. Obstacles to Elimination: Consequences of Malaria: • Absenteeism • high rates of unemployment • 30 to 40 billion dollars every year. • Misinformation and superstition regarding the disease • Deficient infrastructure • Low rates of compliance with prevention and treatment programs • Geography

  8. Misinformation and Superstition: • Malawi, Africa: malaria is caused by mosquitoes… bad weather, hard work, jealousy, and hexes. • Leads such people away from medical centers and towards spiritual healers. • Some won’t give blood.

  9. Infrastructure: • Medical centers: • Scarce • Lacking in supplies • Short staffed • Underdeveloped roads and deficient transportation methods increase death toll • Distribution is a challenge

  10. Compliance: • Not always used for intended purpose • Burdensome • Hard to set up • Very hot • Not completing the full course of treatment Nets Drugs

  11. Geography: • Mosquitoes need warm climates and still waters (puddles, lakes, standing water) to thrive. • E.g. Pakistan • Environmental transformation

  12. Community Service • “Aim for the Net” • Participants: Triangle Futbol Club ’00 Navy • Raised $1,676 for “Against Malaria Foundation,” and “Malaria No More” • Everyone can make a difference

  13. Bibliography • Finkel, Michael. Bedlam in the Blood: Malaria. National Geographic. Print. July, • 1997: 32-67. • Perry, Alex. Lifeblood. United Kingdom. C. Hurst & Company Ltd. 2011. Print. • Shah, Sophia. The Fever. United States. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 2010. Print. • Shore, Bill. The Imaginations of Unreasonable Men. United States. PublicAffairs. • 2010. Print. • Webb Jr., James L.A. Humanity’s Burden. United States. Cambridge University Press. • 2009. Print. • “Malaria.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and

  14. Bibliography (cont.) • Prevention. Web. 3 October 2013. • “Malaria.” New York Times. The New York Times. Web. 1 November 2013. • “Malaria.” World Health Organization. World Health Organization. 2013. Web. 7 • October 2013. • “Malaria: Disease.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease • Control and Prevention. Web. 24 October 2013. • “Malaria: Fact sheet No 94.” World Health Organization. World Health Organization. • Web. 19 October 2013. Image Sources: • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_(epidemiology) • http://www.naturalhighsafaris.com/browse/experience/snorkelling_for_tropical_fish_in_a_great_rift_valley_lake

  15. Any Questions?

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