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Politics of the Third World

Politics of the Third World. Third World countries. 5 most important issues. facing the Third World today poverty developing countries globalization weak state ethnicity environment. Why study the Third World?. Interdependence and globalization most of the world population area

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Politics of the Third World

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  1. Politics of the Third World

  2. Third World countries

  3. 5 most important issues • facing the Third World today • poverty • developing countries • globalization • weak state • ethnicity • environment

  4. Why study the Third World? • Interdependence and globalization • most of the world • population • area • most of the natural resources • raw materials and energy resources • Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

  5. Why study the Third World? • Western role in creating and sustaining some of the problems in the Third World

  6. Why study the Third World? • We ignore the Third World at our peril

  7. Millennium Development Goals • In 2000 the UN Millennium Declaration was adopted at the largest-ever gathering of heads of state

  8. Millennium Development Goals • eradicate extreme poverty and hunger • achieve universal primary education • promote gender equality • reduce child mortality • improve maternal health • combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, etc. • ensure environmental sustainability • global partnership for development

  9. Poverty & economic growth

  10. Poverty & economic growth

  11. Imperialism & Third World • European colonial expansion for 300 years • most colonies are independent after WWII

  12. political legacies • traditional polity and “modern” state • state boundaries drawn to suit colonizers

  13. economic legacies • “dependency” theory • “core” vs. “periphery” • foreign trade structure

  14. Types of state • strong states • weak states • multi-party democracies • single-party regimes • military regimes • personal dictatorships • failed states

  15. Levels of democracy • The “third wave of democratization”

  16. State & economic development • weaknesses in physical and human infrastructure • political instability harms investment and consumption • political allocation of scarce resources • weak and ineffective state institutions to implement economic policies • widespread corruption

  17. International financial institution • The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank • headquarters in Washington D.C. • voting weight proportional to fund contribution • IMF loans are subject to conditionality • acceptance of structural adjustment (liberalization) • privatization • reduce inflation • cut debt

  18. World Trade Organization • lower tariffs and ease other trade barriers

  19. Foreign aid

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