Friday , March 14 th , 2014

1. Friday, March 14th, 2014 Explain three historical facts you learned yesterday about the Oregon Trail that you could include in your dairy! EQ: What were the causes and effects of Texas’ fight for independence?

2. Objective and Scales: • The student will be able to summarize the causes and effects of the Texas War for Independence with 80% accuracy • Where does today’s objective fit into our UNIT LEARNING GOAL SCALE? • Objective M • What do you need to be able to accomplish with objective M to reach MASTERY LEVEL or SCALE EVEREST? • TOC: Pg. 93: Texas Independence Cornell Notes

3. 1. Vocabulary • Stephen Austin-led a group of 300 Americans into Texas • Dictatorship-one person rule • Siege-attracts in which one force surrounds a city or fort • Sam Houston-led a surprise attack against Santa Anna’s army • Annex-incorporate or add on to • James K. Polk-President during Mexican-American War

4. 2. Conflict in Texas • After Mexico became independent from Spain in 1821, thousands of Americans flooded into Texas • This soon caused a conflict with the Mexican Government • The new settlers were Protestants, not following Mexico’s Roman Catholic Church • Also, Americans had brought slaves with them from the South and Mexico had abolished slavery • In 1830, Mexico banned further American settlement • But…..Americans kept moving into Texas

5. 3. Declaring Independence I will not live under a dictator! • In 1833, General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna became president of Mexico • He wanted a strong central government so he overturned Mexico’s democratic constitution and started a dictatorship • Stephen Austin (who was living in Texas) urged Texans to revolt against the Mexican government • In 1836, Texans declared independence from Mexico and created the Republic of Texas

6. 4. Remember the ALAMO!!!! • Santa Anna responded with force, his troops laid siege on the Alamo which was a mission in San Antonio • The Americans held out for 12 days under heavy cannon fire from Anna’s troops • But, the Mexican forces overran the Alamo • All the Americans were captured and executed • The bravery and courage of the Alamo defenders inspired many Americans to volunteer for the Texan Army • The commander of the Texan Army was Sam Houston and in April of 1836 he led a small army in a surprise attach against Mexican forces in San Jacinto • Within 18 minutes the Americans had captured Santa Anna and forced him to sign a treaty recognizing Texas’ Independence from Mexico

7. 5. Republic of Texas • Sam Houston became president of the new Republic of Texas • He hoped the US would annex or incorporate Texas into the Union • But support for this was divided…why? • Southerners supported annexation of Texas as a slave state, Northerners opposed this, but still hoped for westward expansion • Presidents Jackson and Martin Van Buren refused to support annexation fearing it would cause a huge fight and divide the Union

8. 6. Annexing Texas and Oregon • Congress voted for admission of Texas as a state in 1845 • President Polk negotiated a treaty with Britain to divide Oregon at the 49 degrees North. • Britain received the Northern part of the Oregon Country and U.S. received the southern part (eventually to become the states of WA, OR, and part of ID) • The annexation of Texas increased tensions with Mexico • Mexico never fully recognized the independence of Texas because Santa Anna was forced to sign it • Mexico’s government claimed that the Southern boundary of Texas was the Nueces River while Polk claimed it was the Rio Grande • War with MEXICO IS COMING!!!!

9. Summary and Progress Chart • Describes the causes of Mexico’s fight for Independence and how they will led the US to war with Mexico • Complete progress chart for objective M