Paint Mixing and Reducing

2. 26 Chapter Paint Mixing and Reducing

3. Objectives After studying this chapter, you will be able to: • Know where to find a paint code on a vehicle. • Understand how to use the paint code to obtain the paint part number. • Understand the importance of thoroughly stirring tints. • Explain how to mix a color. • Know how to reduce paint by volume, percentage, and weight.

4. Paint Mixing • Paint code • Letters, numbers, or combination • Represents color of vehicle • Paint code location varies by vehicle manufacturer

5. Paint Mixing (Cont.)

6. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Paint code • Date of vehicle manufacture • Code may be same for different years

7. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Paint part number • Number assigned by specific paint manufacturer • Unique to each paint manufacturer • Different paint part number for each paint code

8. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Paint part number • Find paint part number with paint code • Color chip book • Paint code/paint part number CD • Paint manufacturer’s web site

9. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Alternate paint part numbers • Same paint code • Slightly different color on vehicle • Reasons for different colors • Vehicles built at different factories • Different paint manufacturers • Spraying conditions, equipment at factories are different

10. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Alternate paint part numbers • Alternate deck of color chips • Check chip against vehicle • Select best matching alternate

11. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Alternate paint part numbers • Underhood color • Similar to exterior color • Lacks metallic or pearl

12. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Paint sources • Jobber • Sells paint • Mixed by jobber • Sells factory-pack color paint • Supplied by paint manufacturer • Intermix • Mixed at shop • Uses tints supplied by jobber

13. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Paint mixing equipment • Digital scale • Weighs tints • Accurate to 100th of a gram • Digital readout • Zero scale by pressing bar

14. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Paint mixing equipment • Tint mixing bank • Stirs and stores tints • Paint shaker • Stirs tints

15. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Paint mixing supplies • Tints • High-strength • Low-strength • Powder pearl • Metallic tint

16. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Paint mixing supplies • Binder • Forms paint film when dry • Balancer • Corrects ratio of pigment to binder • Flake control

17. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Paint mixing supplies • Comprehensive tint system • Add tints to create paint • Single tint system • Add tints, binder, and balancer to create paint

18. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Paint formula • Recipe for specific color • List of tints • List of weights of each tint

19. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Paint formula • Quantitative formula • Lists required weight of each tint • Cumulative formula • Lists weight of entire mixture as each tint is added

20. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Color creation • Stir tints for 15 minutes twice per day • Stir new tints for 30 minutes • Stir tints five minutes before mixing color • Do not mix waterborne paint in metal cans • Remove dried tint from pour spout

21. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Color creation • Recheck tint number before adding to can • Concentrate while pouring • Add tints to center of can • Start with clean paint can • Follow formula • Add specified amount of each tint

22. Paint Mixing (Cont.) • Overpour • Add too much of one tint • Remove excess tint • Some scales can recalculate • Paint can label • Contains safety information • Lists paint part number • May attach printout of formula

23. Paint Reduction • Stirring • Paint must be uniform before reduction • Heavier paint components settle out • Scrape solids off bottom if settled • Do not shake waterborne paint • Seal lid in place • Unsealed lid allows solvents to escape

24. Paint Reduction (Cont.) • Reducer type • Match to spray booth temperature • 60– 70F low-temp reducer • 70– 85F mid-temp reducer • Above 85F high-temp reducer

25. Paint Reduction (Cont.) • Hardener type • Temperature rated • Intended usage rated • Surface cure • Amount of time paint will stay wet • Absorb overspray

26. Paint Reduction (Cont.) • Hardener type • Spot-rated • Fast surface cure • Panel-rated • Intermediate surface cure • Overall-rated • Slow surface cure

27. Paint Reduction (Cont.) • Viscosity • Thickness of paint • Measure with viscosity cup • 18 – 22 seconds for most paints

28. Paint Reduction (Cont.) • Viscosity • High-viscosity value • Paint too thick • Low-viscosity value • Paint too thin • Sprayable range

29. Paint Reduction (Cont.) • Part reduction • Percentage reduction • Combination volume reduction

30. Paint Reduction (Cont.) Volume reduction • Part reduction • Instructions given as ratio • For example, 4:1 = four parts (units) of one substance to one part of another substance • Mixing stick • Contain lines indicating units • Must have straight-sided container

31. Paint Reduction (Cont.) • Part reduction using mixing stick with equal increments marked (4:1:1 mixing ratio)

32. Paint Reduction (Cont.) • Part reduction using dedicated paint mixing stick

33. Paint Reduction (Cont.) • Part reduction • Graduations • Units on paint mixing stick • Mixing cup • Has various mixing ratios • Select correct ratio

34. Paint Reduction (Cont.) • Percentage reduction • Uses percent of volume • Combination volume reduction • Uses both parts and percentage

35. Paint Reduction (Cont.) • Weight reduction • Use scale • Weigh out components • Produces desired volume of paint • Volume mixing ratio cannot be used