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Dynamic Earth

Dynamic Earth. Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes, Subduction, and other significant events. Earth is a System. Integrated system consisting of rock, air, water, and living things that all interact with one another--Biosphere Geosphere—solid part Atmosphere—mixture of gases to make air we breath

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Dynamic Earth

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  1. Dynamic Earth Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes, Subduction, and other significant events

  2. Earth is a System Integrated system consisting of rock, air, water, and living things that all interact with one another--Biosphere • Geosphere—solid part • Atmosphere—mixture of gases to make air we breath • Hydosphere—all water on or near Earth’s surface

  3. Discovering Earth’s Interior

  4. What is the Lithosphere? • The crust and part of the upper mantle = lithosphere • 100 km thick • Less dense than the material below it so it “floats”

  5. What is the Asthenoshere? • The plastic layer below the lithosphere = asthenosphere • The plates of the lithosphere float on the asthenosphere

  6. Plate Tectonics

  7. Global Tectonic Movement

  8. Causes of Plate Tectonics

  9. Convection Currents • Hot magma in the Earth moves toward the surface, cools, then sinks again. • Creates convectioncurrents beneath the plates that cause the plates to move.

  10. Features of Divergent Boundaries • Mid-ocean ridges • rift valleys • fissure volcanoes

  11. Mid-Atlantic Ridge

  12. Sea Floor Spreading

  13. Hypothermal Vents

  14. Pillow Lava forms when magma cools in water. This is evidence of volcanic activity!

  15. This shows you the age of the sea floor. The red areas are new rocks and the blue areas are the oldest oceanic rock.

  16. Iceland is spreading open on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge!

  17. Can you see where the Mid-Atlantic Ridgebisects Iceland? This is a rift valley!

  18. Subduction is a process where the ocean floor sinks back into the mantle at a deep ocean trench.

  19. Convergent Boundaries • Boundaries between two plates that are colliding   • There are 3 types…

  20. Type 1 • Ocean plate colliding with a less dense continental plate • Subduction Zone: where the less dense plate slides under the more dense plate • VOLCANOES occur at subduction zones

  21. Aleutian Islands, Alaska

  22. Type 2 • Ocean plate colliding with another ocean plate • The less dense plate slides under the more dense plate creating a subduction zone called a TRENCH

  23. Type 3 • A continental plate colliding with another continental plate • Have Collision Zones: • a place where folded and thrust faulted mountains form.

  24. Transform Fault Boundaries • Boundary between two plates that are sliding past each other • EARTHQUAKES along faults

  25. Earthquake Belts

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