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Return to Normalcy. 1918-1929. Postwar U.S. “Great Russian Civil War” (1918-1920) The Bolsheviks / Communism Vladimir Lenin Creel Committee (U.S.) Anti-Bolshevik. More Issues. Bomb Scares/Terrorism Mitchell Palmer – “Red” Scare Bolsheviks / Anarchists Urban Race Riots Lynching.
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Return to Normalcy 1918-1929
Postwar U.S. • “Great Russian Civil War” (1918-1920) • The Bolsheviks / Communism • Vladimir Lenin • Creel Committee (U.S.) • Anti-Bolshevik
More Issues • Bomb Scares/Terrorism • Mitchell Palmer – “Red” Scare • Bolsheviks / Anarchists • Urban Race Riots • Lynching
Labor Strife • 1919: 4 million workers strike • Keep wartime benefits • “soaring” prices • Federal Intervention (Coolidge) • Union Decline in 1920’s
New Nativism • Immigration Restriction League • Nativism • National Origins Act(1924) • The “New” Klu Klux Klan • Sacco and Vanzetti Trial
Prohibition • 18th Amendment (1919) • NO Booze! • Lack of Enforcement • Only 1500 fed. agents • Bootleggers, Speakeasies
Warren G. Harding • 1921-1923 • Fordney-McCumber Act (1922) • Washington Conference • Naval Treaties • Bureau of the Budget • Tax Cuts • Andrew Mellon
Harding Scandals • “Ohio Gang” = Cronies • Forbes / Veteran Affairs • Teapot Dome (Wyoming) • Albert Fall (Sec. of Interior) • Federal Oil reserves “leased”
Calvin Coolidge • 1923-1929 • “Laissez Faire” • Little or no regulation of business • The Farm Problem • McNary-Haugen Bill (1924, 26) “Farmers have never made $. I don’t believe we can do much about it.”
Automobiles! • 1918 – 7 million on the road. • Henry Ford • Assembly Line 1913 • Model T – ½ of all cars on road • 1st “Shopping Center” 1922, KS
The Movies • Silent Movies • (1903) “The Great Train Robbery” • (1915) “Birth of a Nation” • “New” KKK • Talkies • (1927) “Jazz Singer”
More “New” Toys • Radio • 1920 KDKA Pittsburgh • Phonograph (Edison) • Gramophone • Refrigerators
New Consumer America • Advertising, Billboards(1929) • “Buy Now, Pay Later” • Wages < Prices • The Stock Market Buzz • Speculation
Harlem Renaissance • 1920’s – 30’s • Entertainers • Jazz • Dance • Writers • Langston Hughes
1920’s Culture • Flappers
1920’s Culture • Organized Crime • Bootleggers & Gangsters
1920’s Culture • Sports Stars • Babe Ruth, Bobby Jones, Gertrude Ederle
Cultural Conflict • Prohibition Movement – “Izzy & Moe” • Anti-Flirt League • Tennessee v. John Scopes(1925) • Tennessee Anti-Evolution Statute • Clarence Darrow, William Jennings Bryan