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The Age of Jackson (1824-1845)

The Age of Jackson (1824-1845) I. The Corrupt Bargain of 1824 John Q. Adams Henry Clay William Crawford Andrew Jackson Jackson won the most votes but not the majority Adams becomes pres. “Corrupt Bargain” —Pres. Adams appointed Clay as Sec. of State II. 1828 Presidential Election

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The Age of Jackson (1824-1845)

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  1. The Age of Jackson(1824-1845)

  2. I. The Corrupt Bargain of 1824 • John Q. Adams • Henry Clay • William Crawford • Andrew Jackson • Jackson won the most votes but not the majority • Adams becomes pres. • “Corrupt Bargain”—Pres. Adams appointed Clay as Sec. of State

  3. II. 1828 Presidential Election • Jackson’s supporters claimed Adams stole the 1824 election • Jackson won the election • Democratic party became the 1st real political party 4. Dem. supported Jackson

  4. III. Jackson as President • 1828—planter & slaveholder • 1st president from the west • Achieved fame from fighting the Indians • Congressman/Senator from TN • Territorial Gov. of FL • Common People-personally popular

  5. Jackson as President (cont’d) • Spoils System—appoint campaign supporters with gov. positions • "to the victor belong the spoils of the enemy." • “Kitchen Cabinet”—Friends of AJ; unofficial cabinet • Rotated officials—discourage complacency & get fresh opinions

  6. IV. Death of the Bank of the United States • Gov. needs to stay out of economic affairs! • BUS set to expire 1832 • Clay favored the BUSCongress passes a rechartering bill • Jackson vetoes.

  7. Death of the Bank of the United States (cont’d) • Federal funds put in state banks • Pet Banks • National Rep.(“Whigs” in 1836) supported Clay • Founded to oppose Andrew Jackson • Second Party System reborn

  8. Death of the Bank of the United States (cont’d) 10. Specie Circular—federal payments coin (specie) gold/silver 11. Panic of 1837

  9. V. Jackson Exercises Veto Power • Champion of states’ rights; as long as the union not in danger • Vetoes more bills than anybody before • Maysville Road Bill • Vetoed by AJ • No fed. funds for infrastructure improvements in one state • AJ. increase the power of the presidency

  10. VI. South’s Anger over Tariffs • Tariff on 1828-- protect N.E. from foreign competitors • “The Southern Carolina Exposition”—John C. Calhoun • “Tariff of Abominations” • Southern states declare the tariff null & void if the fed. gov. refused to lower the duty requirement

  11. South’s Anger over Tariffs (cont’d) • Nullification!! • Robert Y. Hayne (SC) proposed nullification • Daniel Webster(NE) anti-nullification • Tariff of 1832 • Lower tariff 45% to 35% • SC nullified the tariff

  12. South’s Anger over Tariffs (cont’d) 10. Force Bill—Gave pres. power to use military force to collect tariffs 11. Tariff of 1833—lowered tariffs even more 12. Crisis averted

  13. VII. Manifest Destiny • 1845 • God’s Will!! The U.S. expand from sea to shining sea (and everywhere in between) • Market revolution • Advancements in trans. • Nationalism

  14. Manifest Destiny (cont’d) 6. 1840—1,000s move into TX • Oregon Trail • Up to 6 months • Women’s roles change

  15. VIII. Trouble With Territories • Era of Expansion • 1836-Pres. Martin Van Buren • 1840-Pres. William Henry Harrison MVB WHH

  16. Trouble With Territories (cont’d) • 1840-Van Buren (D) up for re-election vs. • William Henry Harrison (W) • “Tippecanoe and Tyler, Too” • WHH easily winsdies 4 weeks into his termJohn Tyler becomes pres.

  17. IX. Boundary Issues • ME, OR, TX • 1838-Aroostook River Valley • War again? • Webster-Ashburton Treaty 1838 • Divide the contested Territory; settle the northern boundary of MN

  18. Boundary Issues (cont’d)

  19. Boundary Issues (cont’d) • Britain had a fur trading business • U.S. said 1st there to settle • Some want the border at 54°40´ parallel

  20. Boundary Issues (cont’d) • 1844-James K. Polk (D) • “Fifty-Four forty or fight!” • Negotiations: • Boundary at 49th parallel • Britain gets Vancouver Island • Britain gets rights to the Columbia River

  21. Sam Houston vs. Antonio Lopez De Santa Ana

  22. X. Texas Joins the Union • 1821-TX region of independent Mex. • 1830s-whites & slaves outnumber Mexicans. • Mex. Bans slavery; residents must be Catholic • 1834-Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana • Sam Houston—Leads the TX in a revolt; says TX independent republic of Mex.

  23. Texas Joins the Union (cont’d) • Santa Anna attacks the Alamo; kills the Americans • Houston retaliatesdefeats Mex.Santa Anna gives TX independence • Lone Star Republic • Houston asks to become a state • Jackson & Van Buren say no • Polk says yes; TX admitted 1845

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