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Chemical Nomenclature

Chemical Nomenclature. A system of naming compounds. Binary Compounds. Binary means 2. Binary Cmpds are cmpds containing only 2 elements. 2 Types of Binary Compounds. Binary Ionic Compounds Binary Covalent/Molecular Compounds. 2 Types of Binary Cmpds. Binary Ionic Cmpds

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Chemical Nomenclature

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  1. Chemical Nomenclature A system of naming compounds.

  2. Binary Compounds Binarymeans 2. Binary Cmpds are cmpds containing only 2 elements.

  3. 2 Types of Binary Compounds • Binary Ionic Compounds • Binary Covalent/Molecular Compounds

  4. 2 Types of Binary Cmpds Binary Ionic Cmpds • Cmpds containing 1 metal and 1 nonmetal. • Formed when electrons are transferred from the metal to the nonmetal. • Formed by the electrostatic attraction between cations and anions.

  5. Binary Covalent (Molecular) Cmpds • Cmpds containing 2 nonmetals. • Formed by the sharing of electrons between the nonmetals. • There are no ions present in these cmpds.

  6. Binary Covalent Compounds Cmpds containing only 2nonmetals

  7. The first element in the formula is named first, and the full element name is used. • The second element is named as though it were an anion (with –ide suffix). • Prefixes are used to denote the numbers of atoms present. • The prefix mono- is never used on the first element.

  8. Mono- Di- Tri- Tetra- Penta- Hexa- Hepta- Octa- Nona- Deca- Prefixes

  9. Anion Names • C • N • O • F • P • S • Cl • As • Se • Br • Te • I • H

  10. BF3

  11. NO

  12. N2O5

  13. PCl5

  14. P4O6

  15. SF6

  16. H2O • You can no longer name this water.

  17. Writing Chemical Formulas • The prefixes tell you the subscripts to write in the chemical formula.

  18. Sulfur trioxide

  19. Disulfur tetroxide

  20. Dinitrogen trioxide

  21. Selenium hexabromide

  22. Binary Ionic Cmpds • Cmpds containing 1 metal and 1 nonmetal. • Formed when electrons are transferred from the metal to the nonmetal. • Formed by the electrostatic attraction between cations and anions.

  23. Binary Ionic Cmpds • Contain only 2 elements (metal and nonmetal) • Metal Cation – Always written 1st in formula • Nonmetal Anion – Always written last

  24. Type I Ionic Cmpds • The metal present forms only one type of cation. • These are considered true metals because they have a constant charge.

  25. Remember Charges • Alkali Metals • Alkaline Earth Metals • Nitrogen Family Nonmetals • Oxygen Family Nonmetals • Halogens • Noble Gases • Special Ions (Transition Metals)

  26. Naming Type I Cmpds • Name cation first • Name anion last (with -ide ending)

  27. NaCl • Na + is the sodium ion • Cl – is the chloride ion Sodium chloride You may capitalize the first letter of the first name only. You never capitalize the first letter of the second name.

  28. MgO

  29. CsF

  30. AlF3

  31. MgI2

  32. Rb2O

  33. SrBr2

  34. Cd3As2

  35. BaH2

  36. ZnS

  37. Al2S3

  38. Write the correctchemical formulafor each Type I ionic compound. ↓

  39. Write the correct symbol for each ion. • The algebraic sum of all positive and negative charges must equal zero. • Simply “cross” the charges.

  40. Calcium chloride • Aluminum oxide • Potassium bromide

  41. Calcium oxide • Magnesium nitride • Strontium bromide

  42. Sodium sulfide • Lithium arsenide

  43. Type II Ionic Cmpds • The metal present can form two or more cations that have different charges. • Contain a transition metal with variable charges.

  44. Copper Cu + or Cu 2+ Chromium Cr 2+ or Cr 3+

  45. AuCl and AuCl3 • We can’t name both cmpds gold chloride. • We use (Roman Numerals) to specify the charge on the metal cation (not the number of ions present in the cmpd).

  46. AuCl and AuCl3

  47. FeCl2 and FeCl3

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