Geothermal Alliance of Illinois

1. Geothermal Alliance of Illinois Consider the Entire Package… “HVAC and Building Shell Working Together”

2. What Makes a Comfortable Home? • Building Shell – (first priority)! • Complete thermal & pressure boundaries • Mechanicals – (sized to building shell) • Heating, air conditioning & duct systems • Ventilation – (controlled air leakage) • Bath and kitchen exhaust • Moisture source control • 35 to 40% humidity in the winter

3. Tightest Home in the World “Net Zero Energy Ready” Home In Dillingham, Alaska

5. R90 Walls, R140 Attic….. R140 Ceiling R90 Walls R20 Perimeter R35 Under Slab

6. Factors that Affect Insulation Performance • Convection through the insulation • Air leakage through the insulation • Density of the insulation • Gaps and voids • Thermal bridging across the envelope • Humidity

7. Thermal Bridging Thermal bridging is conductive heat loss through a solid assembly with a temperature difference on each side causing heat to flow. House framing is a good example.

8. Wall Cavities with Six Sides • Top plate • Bottom plate • Left side • Right side • Ext. sheeting • Drywall

9. Fiberglass Batt Insulation Fiberglass batt insulation is an air permeable insulation that must be installed in reasonable air tight vertical wall cavities to perform close to its advertised R-value.

10. Batt Insulation Installation Voids mean less R-value!

11. Fiberglass Batts Not Installed Properly Air permeable insulation be in full contact with the warm side of the drywall!

12. Damp Spray Cellulose – New Const. Damp spray is a new construction application when the walls are open. Water is injected into the stream of cellulose as it comes out of the hose. Causing it to stick in the wall cavities.

13. Industry Solution to Air Sealing(Knauf Insulation's EcoSeal spray)

14. Horrible Insulation! 50% reduction in R-value at design temperatures!

15. Under Performing “Overblown” Fiberglass R42 fiberglass on a 45° day 70° inside Convective heat loss through the overblown fiberglass attic insulation

16. Convection Within Attic Insulation Overblowing or “Fluffing” fiberglass insulation will cause convective heat loss through the insulation no matter the thickness Fluffed Fiberglass Attic Insulation Heated Living Space

17. Insulation Chutes & Wind Blocks WIND BLOCK INTERIOR DRYWALL EXTERIOR STUD WALL

18. Wind Washing in the Eaves Insulation blown out of the eaves leaving the drywall ceiling uninsulated.

19. Wind Washing in the Eaves Insulation blown out of the eaves leaving the drywall ceiling uninsulated.

20. Standard Truss R50 (w/ tapered insulation) Full Height Average Height Minimum Height

21. Energy Truss R38 (w/ full height insulation) Full Height

22. Never Use Batts on the Attic Floor!!

23. Gap in Pressure Boundary Thermal Boundary Thermal Boundary “Complete pressure boundary” Stop the convective loop Dirty Insulation is a Tell Tale Sign of Air Leaks Air Leaks in through spaces between Drywall and Top Plate Convective Loop occurs in wall cavity and warm air leaks out into attic carrying moisture Electrical Penetrations from Basement

24. Sealed Top Plates Short Knee Wall Sealed and insulated short knee wall and top plates Perfectly sealed top plates with 2-part spray foam

25. IC Rated Recessed Light Fixtures “Complete pressure boundary” IC Rated Air-Loc “Incomplete pressure boundary”

26. Conditioned Attic Space, or is it????

27. Incomplete Wall Assembly 75% reduction in R-value!

28. Bonus Room Trusses – Problems! • No top plate • No bottom plate • Usually no sheathing on the attic side of wall • No blocking under the knee wall in the floor joists • Batts in the sloped ceiling

29. Insulated Basement, or is it????

30. Conductive Heat Transfer Q = U x A x ΔT (Q = Heat Flow in btu’s / hr)

31. Conductive Heat Loss in One Hour Q = U x A x ΔT (U-value x Area x Temperature Difference) Example: 1,200 sq/ft attic with an 8 sq/ft pull down ladder (R50) .02 x 1,192 sq’ x 60º = 1,430 btu/hr (R.5) 2 x 8 sq/ft x 60º = 960 btu/hr Total heat loss 2,390 btu/hr 60% loss from ceiling 40% loss from pull down ladder!

32. Attic hatch 551 551 Uninsulated Attic Hatch Uninsulated 2’ x 2’attic hatch R30 insulated attic hatch 2 x 4 x 70 = 560 btu/hr .033 x 4 x 70 = 9 btu/hr 551 btu/hr

33. Attic hatch 551 Missing insulation 1,400 1,951 Wind Blown Insulation 2 x 10 x 70 = 1,400 btu/hr

34. Attic hatch 551 Missing insulation 1,400 Rim Joist 3,485 5,436 Poorly Insulated Rim R4 rim joist (reduce by 70%) R13 rim joist .25 x 200 x 70 = 3,500 btu/hr .076 x 200 x 70 = 15 btu/hr 3,485 btu/hr

35. Attic hatch 551 Missing insulation 1,400 Rim Joist 3,485 Attic insulation 2,940 8,376 Attic Insulation R25 Insul-Safe insulation R50 Insul-Safe insulation .04 x 2100 x 70 = 5,880 btu/hr .02 x 2100 x 70 = 2,940 btu/hr 2,940 btu/hr

36. Attic hatch 551 Missing insulation 1,400 Rim Joist 3,485 Attic insulation 2,940 Knee walls 2,029 10,405 Knee Wall Insulation R4 knee wall insulation R13 knee wall insulation .25 x 160 x 70 = 2,880 btu/hr .076 x 160 x 70 = 851 btu/hr 2,029 btu/hr

37. Attic hatch 551 Missing insulation 1,400 Rim Joist 3,485 Attic insulation 2,940 Knee walls 2,029 32 recessed lights 403 10,808 32 - Recessed Lights 32 recessed lights (12 sq/ft) .2 x 32 x 70 = 448 btu/hr .02 x 32 x 70 = 45 btu/hr 403 btu/hr

38. Attic hatch 551 Missing insulation 1,400 Rim Joist 3,485 Attic insulation 2,940 Knee walls 2,029 32 recessed lights 403 Thermal bypasses 1,372 Total btu/hr loss 12,180 Thermal Bypasses 20 sq’ bypasses R5 20 sq’ bypasses R50 1 x 20 x 70 = 1,400 btu/hr .02 x 20 x 70 = 28 btu/hr 1,372 btu/hr

39. Is Your Mirror Foggy After A Shower?

40. You Should Never Have a Foggy Mirror 6” Dia. Duct 4” Dia. Duct

41. Prescriptive Duct Sizing for Ventilation Source: ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2007

42. Thermal Imaging Services of Central Illinois, Inc. “Improving Home Performance” Brian Kumer Thermal Imaging Services, Inc. Peoria, IL 309-547-5000 office 309-251-1719 cell brian_kumer@yahoo.com www.improvinghomeperformance.com