Secretion of insulin from pancreas b cells: A Case Study of Exocytosis and Cell Signaling

Sep 26, 2012

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Secretion of insulin from pancreas b cells: A Case Study of Exocytosis and Cell Signaling

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Diabetes

Diabetes. What Does it Mean for Me? Leader Diabetes Initiative 2005. What is Diabetes?. People with diabetes have high blood sugar levels. This is because their pancreas doesn’t make enough insulin, or their cells don’t respond to the insulin normally (insulin resistance), or both.

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Cell Signaling

Cell Signaling. A. Types of Cell Signaling B. Intracellular Receptor Signaling: Steroid Hormones C. Cell Surface Receptors: Types D. Cell Surface Receptors: G-protein linked receptors. A. Types of Cell Signaling. Direct cell-cell signaling vs. signaling via secretion.

1.27k views • 42 slides

Fatty Acids and Insulin Secretion

Fatty Acids and Insulin Secretion. Grill V, and E. Qvigstad E. 2000. Fatty acids and insulin secretion. British Journal of Nutrition 83:79-84. Empress Hughes Bio 475 Dr. Peter Lin. Diabetes. Is defined as a state in which carbohydrate is improperly regulated by insulin.

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Pancreatic Islets within Pancreas

Pancreatic Islets within Pancreas. Modulators of Insulin Secretion. Insulin Secretion. Phospholipase A 2 Cleavage Sites. Superoxide-mediated activation of uncoupling protein 2 causes pancreatic B cell dysfunction Krauss et al JCI 112:18311842, 2003. Chronic Hyperglycemia

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Introduction to endocrinology

Introduction to endocrinology. Department of endocrinology and metabolism. Homeostasis .  Cells (pancreas) Insulin Blood glucose. liver, muscle, adipose tissue, et al. insulin receptor. meal. Time(min). The endocrine system. Endocrine glands APUD cells

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INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION. Diabetes is considered a psychosomatic disease due to the impact of psychic tension on the changes in the functioning of the endocrine system. Stress increases the secretion of catecholamines which stunt the secretion of insulin from the beta cells of pancreatic islets, which consequ

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Cell Signaling

Cell Signaling. Modes of Cell-Cell Signaling. Endocrine signaling is a type of cell-cell signaling in which endocrine cells secrete hormones that are carried through the circulation to distant target cells.

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Cells and Tissues: Cells

Cells and Tissues: Cells. Animal cell. Bacterial cell. Cell size comparison. most bacteria ___________ eukaryotic cells _______________. micron = micrometer = 1/1,000,000 meter diameter of human hair = ~20 microns. Why study cells?. Cells  Tissues  Organs  Bodies

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Cell Signaling

Cell Signaling . Lecture 10. Receptor Tyrosine Kinases. Regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, cell survival and cellular metabolism The signaling molecules that activate RTK are soluble or membrane bound peptide or protein hormones Examples; Nerve growth factor (NGF)

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Blood Sugar Regulation

Blood Sugar Regulation. Pancreas. Pancreas. Pancreas. Two cell types to produce: digestive enzymes – exocrine glands (acini) hormones – islets of Langerhans. 1 – 2% of pancreas are the islets of Langerhans. Islets of Langerhans. Two hormones are produced: insulin – beta ( β ) cells

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PANCREATIC SECRETION

Lecture 5 Dr. Zahoor Ali Shaikh. PANCREATIC SECRETION. PANCREATIC SECRETION. When food comes to small intestine [duodenum], it is mixed with pancreatic secretion and bile [pancreas and liver are accessory digestive organs]. PANCREAS It is exocrine and endocrine secretion.

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Type I Diabetes

Type I Diabetes. Juvenile diabetes – develops early in life Beta cells in pancreas do not produce insulin Genetic predisposition – virus may trigger an autoimmune response: immune system attacks itself  attacks and destroys cells of the pancreas

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Cell Signaling

Cell Signaling. “Real Life” Cell Communication: Flight or Fight Response. While watching the movie clip, record at least TWO responses cells have to signals. . Pathways with Friends. Handout Diagram. Steps of Cell Signaling. Reception Signal Transduction Cellular Response. Reception.

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CELL COMMUNICATION

CELL COMMUNICATION. Campbell & reece Chapter 11. Cell Messaging. some universal mechanisms of cellular regulation cells most often communicate with other cells by chemical signals. Evolution of Cell Signaling. Yeast: Saccharomyces cerevisia 2 sexes: a & α

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Medical Surgical Nursing

Medical Surgical Nursing. Diabetes Mellitus. Endocrine Pancreas. Islets of Langerhans Beta cells Insulin. Insulin. Produced and secreted by … Beta cells. Insulin. Primary function … Stimulates the active transport of glucose from the blood into muscle, liver and adipose tissue 

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Mellitus

Mellitus. Sarah Roberts Ben Flores. WHAT IS MELLITUS?. Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of the pancreas, resulting in a lack of insulin. Beta cells are damaged by autoimmune inflammation, leading to an insufficiency of insulin.

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Is it Diabetes Yet?

Is it Diabetes Yet?. If there is not enough insulin activity, or the body does not use the insulin effectively…. the body's blood glucose rises. Insulin = a protein (hormone), secreted by islet cells (beta) found on the pancreas.

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Current Model for how cells become neural Default state is neural

Current Model for how cells become neural Default state is neural Local secretion of BMPs by epidermis inhibits neural fate Local secretion of noggin, chordin by dorsal lip or mesoderm inhibits BMP signaling Inhibition of BMP signaling give rise to neural fate

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Chapter 11: Cell Communication Why do cells communicate?

Chapter 11: Cell Communication Why do cells communicate? A. Regulation – cells need to control cellular processes Ex: B. Environmental Stimuli – cells need to be able to respond to signals from their environment Ex:. II . Stages of cell signaling:

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Tissue: The Living Fabric Part B

Tissue: The Living Fabric Part B. 4. Modes of Secretion. Merocrine – products are secreted by exocytosis (e.g., pancreas, sweat, and salivary glands) Holocrine – products are secreted by the rupture of gland cells (e.g., sebaceous glands). Modes of Secretion. Figure 4.4. Connective Tissue.

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Cell Signaling

Cell Signaling. Communication between cells that are not directly connected. Cell Signaling involves a series of processes…. Sending a signal Transport to target cells Reception Often—signal transduction Response. Sending Signals. Cells synthesize signaling molecules Neurotransmittors

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T ype 2 Diabete s— What Is It?

T ype 2 Diabete s— What Is It?. Normal. “ I have diabetes . Wha t doe s tha t mean ? ”. As blood sugar rises after a meal, the pancreas releases insulin. Insulin helps sugar get into your body’s cells.

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