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Liv Øvstedal SINTEF Transport studies

Transport to employment A qualitative study supported by the Norwegian Welfare and Labour Authorities. Liv Øvstedal SINTEF Transport studies. Research questions. A qualitative study in 2010-2011: How do barriers to transportation affect different stages of the occupational career?

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Liv Øvstedal SINTEF Transport studies

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  1. Transport to employmentA qualitative study supported by the Norwegian Welfare and Labour Authorities Liv Øvstedal SINTEF Transport studies

  2. Research questions A qualitative study in 2010-2011: • How do barriers to transportation affect different stages of the occupational career? • What role do public support schemes for transport play in the employment of people with disabilities?

  3. What we did • Literature review • Mapping of public support schemes • In-depth interviews & group interview 7 persons, employed & have been • Discussing the findings with a reference group with representatives for the Norwegian Welfare and Labour Authorities (NAV), disability organisations (FFO, NHF), and the university (welfare, transport).

  4. How transport affects … becoming employed • Transport is a substantial barrier to education: • Needs planning ahead, time consuming bureaucracy, inflexible, need support from friends, alternatives are costly. • Transport is one of several barriers when moving to a new place to study • May be decisive for choice of education. • Some give up their education because travel becomes a too large burden. • Is decisive for which jobs to apply for and which job offers to consider.

  5. How transport affects … being employed • Most of the informants found themselves totally dependent on being a car driver, one blind lady went by bus. • As they depend on one main transport solution, they have restricted transport resources compared to others. • Some have well functioning arrangements with designated parking (under roof or with snow clearance). When colleagues were prioritized to a car space before them, some felt devalued as employee. • Travel as part of the job more difficult to arrange: • For travel to/from meetings during the day, parking is a key issue. • Long distance travel needs detailed planning. • They feel left out of many job related social gatherings because of the transport issue.

  6. How transport affects … staying employed • Some state that accessible transportation is the pathway to employment, and as such is the pathway to having a life – that employment is quite decisive for their quality of life. • To organise their daily transport is an energy depriving burden and they depend on everything going according to the plan for the working day to function properly. • Some have turned down career possibilities because travel would become too demanding. • Too much time or energy spent on the trip to/from job meant that they had to reduce their working hours or quit job.

  7. How public support schemes affects travel to work • Most important for these informants were car support schemes, an accommodated car and basic benefits – the basic benefits however inadequate to cover real costs. • Coupons for door-to-door transport were considered as crisis back-up. • Other helpful schemes: Guide dog, personal assistant.

  8. Universal design is part of the issue • Design of door-to-door public transport chain is crucial for everyday and long distance work travel. • Parking is crucial for the car-dependent: • Near entrance, sufficient space, under roof or careful snow clearance. • Need to identify available parking and reserve parking time for meetings during the day (web portal, apps etc.)

  9. Summing upDisabling societal barriers and consequences for employment

  10. Thank you for your attention! Source: Bjerkan, Nordtømme &. Kummeneje (2012): Transportation to employment, Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research. DOI:10.1080/15017419.2012.735199 http://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/deXcJgx8K5yfst2uupis/full Read more (in Norwegian): Anvik & Vedeler (2012): Hvorfor er størrelse viktig? Betydninger av handikapparkeringsplasser for personer med bevegelseshemming. Plan nr. 6. Vedlegg til NOU 2001:22 Fra bruker til borger: De sier du skal ha det tilnærma likt et annet liv, men det er jo slettes ikke det. Liv Øvstedal, SINTEF Transport studies, Liv.Ovstedal@sintef.no

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