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Patterns of Dislocation. Maps of Human Relocation. Rank #1 -- This region generates more than half of the world’s refugees. Why? Conflicts Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan, Gulf War, Iraq War Taliban in Afghanistan Arab Spring.
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Patterns of Dislocation Maps of Human Relocation
Rank #1 -- This region generates more than half of the world’s refugees. Why? • Conflicts • Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan, Gulf War, Iraq War • Taliban in Afghanistan • Arab Spring
Iraq and Afghanistan alone currently generate over half the world’s refugees.
Fun Fact of the Day: • Sahel (sah-hill) • Africa’s “zone of transition” Sahara = arid, desert Sahel = semi-arid, scrub brush, low grasslands, nomadic, drought, famine Savanna = humid, grasses, trees with open canopy
Rank #2 – Sub-Saharan Africa – This region generates about 20% of the world’s refugees. Why? • Poverty • Corruption • Disease • Civil wars – Liberia, Sierra Leone, Congo, Sudan, Somalia Note – Western Africa has stabilized, now most conflict in Africa is in Central and East
South Asia • Pakistan is the destination of most Afghanistan refugees • Sri Lanka – civil war created 200,000 IDPs
Southeast Asia • Vietnam – 1975 after the war, “boat people”, refugee camps in Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Hong Kong • Cambodia – 1990s, violent regime, famine, fled to Thailand • Currently – Myanmar, (formerly Burma), 2004 tsunami, 2008 cyclone, repressive government, very closed society
Europe – Yugoslavia • Collapse of Yugoslavia in 1990s Yugoslavia after 1992 Yugoslavia from 1945 to 1992
Yugoslavia II: Social Federated Republic of Yugoslavia Communist Josip Broz Tito revived Yugoslavia in 1945. Croatian who promoted “brotherhood & unity”
Theories of ethnic hatred It’s always there; politics can keep a “lid” on it It’s a tool used for political and economic power Communism collapses in Eastern Europe, 1989 Croatian and Serbian leaders stoke ethnic hatred after 1989
“Ethnic cleansing” • Forced removal of • an ethnic group Croats expelled from Vukovar (Croatia), 1992 To make area ethnically “purer,” increase percentage of majority in state Serbs expelled from Krajina (Croatia), 1995 Albanians expelled from Kosovo (Serbia), 1999
Ethnic Cleansing of Bosnian Muslims
What is this a photo of? Time frame? Where might they be going?