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The New England Colonies

The New England Colonies. Chapter 3 Section 2. Standards. 8.1.5 Identify how religion contributed to early American society 8.1.7 Immigration and cultural diffusion influence the character of a place 8.2.4 Recognize the economic activities of early America

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The New England Colonies

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  1. The New England Colonies Chapter 3 Section 2

  2. Standards • 8.1.5 Identify how religion contributed to early American society • 8.1.7 Immigration and cultural diffusion influence the character of a place • 8.2.4 Recognize the economic activities of early America • 8.3.1 Migration and immigration in early America • 8.5.7 Historical impacts of European settlement in North America

  3. I CAN… • I can identify how religion contributed to early American society. • I can explain how immigration and cultural diffusion influence the character of a place. • I can recognize the economic activities of early America. • I can recognize migration and immigration in early America. • I can recognize the historical impacts of European settlement in North America.

  4. Geography of New England • Northeastern corner of the U.S. • Northern N.E = ME, NH, VT • Southern N.E. = MA, CT, RI • Hills, low mountains, forests • Soil is thin and rocky…farming difficult • CT River, region’s longest river, flows from NH and VT through MA and CT before reaching the sea • Richest fishing grounds in the world • Winters long and snowy • Summer short and warm

  5. Map of New England Colonies

  6. Puritans in MA Bay • Group similar to Pilgrims • Had disagreements with Church of Eng. • Wanted to reform the church • King Charles I opposed the movement • Persecuted Puritans

  7. The Puritans Leave England • 1630 • ~900 Puritans leave Eng. In 11 ships • Formed the Massachusetts Bay Company • Led by John Winthrop

  8. The Massachusetts Bay Colony • Main town, Boston • 1643, ~20,000 people • Elected assembly called the General Court • Voting limited to adult male members of the Puritan church • General Court and colony’s gov. elected yearly • Did not believe in religious toleration – recognition that other people have the right to different options

  9. New Colonies • Roger Williams • Minister of a church in the town of Salem • Believed Puritans should split entirely from the Church of Eng. • Criticized colonists who seized Native American lands • Believed you should pay for lands • Forced to leave MA Bay in 1635 • Moved south (what is now RI) • Bought land from Native Americans • 1636, founded the town of Providence

  10. 1644, colonists of RI received charter to govern themselves • Decided that RI would have no established church

  11. Anne Hutchinson • Boston woman • Questioned some of Puritan’s teachings • 1638, put on trial • Expelled from MA • Established a settlement on an island that is now part of RI • 1642, traveled to what is today NY.

  12. Settling Connecticut • Thomas Hooker • Minister • Disagreed with Puritan leaders • Left MA with 100 followers • Settled in CT • Founded the town of Hartford

  13. Fundamental Orders of CT • 1639 • Established a new gov. with an elected legislature and governor • 1662, CT received an official charter granting self government

  14. John Wheelright • Forced to leave MA Bay • In trouble because he agreed with Hutchinson • 1638, moved to NH • Founded town of Exeter • 1680, received charter

  15. Growth and Change • Each Puritan town set up a town meeting • Restricted to male heads of households • Set local taxes, elected people to run towns • Opportunity for New Englanders to speak their minds

  16. King Phillip’s War • 1675 • Metacom (chief of the Wampanoag) • English name King Philip • Goal: stop Puritan expansion • Fighting lasted 1 year, costs thousands of lives • Destroyed 12 Eng. Towns • Ended in 1676 when Metacom was captured and killed • War’s end left colonies free to expand

  17. Puritan Influence Declines • 1670’s • New generation • Lost some of their parents’ religion fervor • Successful merchants becoming new community leaders • Eng. Colonies doing well • Stern religious rules now had less influence over the people who lived there.

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