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Municipal Waste Futures

Municipal Waste Futures. Bureau of Waste Management. Municipal Waste Present: 2006. Waste Deposited in 2006 ~ 23.9 million tons Waste Deposited from Pennsylvania ~ 14.4 million tons Waste Deposited from Out-of-State ~ 9.5 million tons. Municipal Waste Futures. Our thoughts:

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Municipal Waste Futures

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  1. Municipal Waste Futures Bureau of Waste Management

  2. Municipal Waste Present: 2006 • Waste Deposited in 2006 ~ 23.9 million tons • Waste Deposited from Pennsylvania ~ 14.4 million tons • Waste Deposited from Out-of-State ~ 9.5 million tons

  3. Municipal Waste Futures Our thoughts: • Minimize the amount of waste disposed • Maximize reuse and recycling • Drive new technology and concepts • Focus first on diverting paper, paperboard and organics from the waste stream • Look at what other states are doing

  4. Drive new concepts Waste as an energy resource • Resource Recovery • Landfill Gas to Energy • Alternative Fuels – materials diverted from municipal waste stream for beneficial use as fuel

  5. Current Status – Resource Recovery • Six Operating Facilities • 8,000 tons/day in 2005 • Southeast and Southcentral PA • New Expanded Capacity • Harrisburg recently reopened upgraded facility • York County considering expansion to meet future demand

  6. Future of Resource Recovery • Market/Demand for New Capacity • Northeast PA? • Southwest PA? • Opposition to New Facilities • Nonattainment Areas in PA • EPA New Source Performance Standards

  7. Current Status - Landfill Gas • 25 Operational Projects • 15 Projects generating more than 100 megawatts of electricity • 10 projects producing 7,000 Million Standard Cubic feet of methane for direct use • 16 Pending Projects

  8. Landfill Gas to Energy

  9. Future of Landfill Gas • Expand existing projects to use 100% of landfill gas generated • More direct use or high BTU production (pipeline quality) • Leachate Recirculation • Anaerobic Digestion

  10. Current Status– Alternative Fuels • In 2005, Pa used • 10.6 million tons of coal refuse • 1.26 million tons of alternative fuels • 0.70 million tons of wood • PA Cement kilns are obtaining 0 to 20% of their energy needs from alternative fuels • Two Coal Refuse Plants are burning alternative fuels

  11. Current Status– Alternative Fuels Three General Permits are available • WMGM027 - organic, non-organic residuals with a BTU value of at least 5000 BTU/lb for use as alternative fuels • WMGR038 - Processing waste tires and tire-derived material for fuel and consumer products. • WMGR068 - Beneficial use of carbonaceous wastes (petro coke, untreated wood chips and other paper and wood industry wastes) as an alternative fuel for circulating fluidized bed boilers

  12. Alternative Fuels • Waste tires and wood are the most common alternative fuels • Most alternative fuels have less BTUs per cubic foot than coal and require additional storage space • Some alternatives fuels should be kept dry

  13. Future of Wastes as Alternative Fuels • Growing demand and market for alternative fuels • Major cement manufacturers have established goals to obtain 15-20% of energy from alternative fuels • Some plants in Germany are at 70% • Potential new demand for alternative fuels is estimated at greater than 2 million tons • Lack of high volume/quality supply • Salvaging • General Permit

  14. Pennsylvania Municipal Waste Composition

  15. Potential Supply of Alternative Fuels

  16. Potential Alternative Fuels (Cont.)

  17. RW to Energy Opportunities

  18. Potential Markets • Cement/Lime Kilns = 12 • Waste Coal Fired Power Plants = 15 • Existing WTE Facilities = 6 • Facilities that burn wood > 14

  19. Map of Market for Alternative Fuels

  20. Regulatory Status of Alternative Fuels • Act 101 Source Separated Recyclable Materials can not be burned • Residual Waste used or reused as ingredients in an industrial process to make a product or employed in a particular function or application as an effective substitute for a commercial product is not a waste • Coproduct Determination • Processed or beneficially used under a General Permit

  21. Salvaging Alternative Fuels • Collection • Know your customers • Keep non combustible materials out of waste • Provide value added service • Salvaging • The operator shall salvage and recycle waste materials received at the facility for which recycling is cost effective

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