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Language change

Language change. How do languages change? What makes them change?. Language change. Language change. Geneology (trees). http://www.linguatics.com/indoeuropean_languages.htm. Language change. Geneology (trees). Lateral influence (waves). Geneology (trees):. Regular change

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Language change

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  1. Language change How do languages change? What makes them change?

  2. Language change

  3. Language change • Geneology (trees)

  4. http://www.linguatics.com/indoeuropean_languages.htm

  5. Language change • Geneology (trees) • Lateral influence (waves)

  6. Geneology (trees): • Regular change • Change occurs as children learn the language: they “make mistakes” –(reanalysis) • Change in the speech of adults • Conscious or unconscious change? • Fashion? Social pressure? • Random changes? • Analogy

  7. Geneology (trees): • Regular change stone steinn rode reið rope reipur loaf hleifur

  8. Geneology (trees): • Regular change wine vín rhyme rím swine svín knife hnífur life líf

  9. Geneology (trees): • Regular change • Change occurs as children learn the language: they “make mistakes” –(reanalysis)

  10. Reanalysis • adder – naðra • án næddre > a nadder > an adder • komiþ it > komiþ þit > komið þið

  11. Reanalysis

  12. Analogy • frá einni konu • frá einari konu • einum, tveim, þrem (mönnum) • einum, tvem, þrem ... • frá þessi konu • frá þessari konu

  13. Analogy • on, two, free, four, five .. • oino- dwo trei- kwetwer- penkwe- • án twá þrí féower fíf • einn tverir þrír fjórir fimm • one two three four five • one two free four five • unus duo tres quattuor quinque • un deux trois quatre cinque hwéower fíf whore five

  14. Geneology (trees): • Regular change • Change occurs as children learn the language: they “make mistakes” –(reanalysis) • Change in the speech of adults • Conscious or unconscious change? • Fashion? Social pressure? • Random changes? • Analogy • Borrowing

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