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A Laser Afternoon: Introduction

A Laser Afternoon: Introduction. Ken Peach Particle Therapy Cancer Research Institute (Oxford Martin School) & John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, University of Oxford Imperial College December 13 th 2012.

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A Laser Afternoon: Introduction

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  1. A Laser Afternoon:Introduction Ken Peach Particle Therapy Cancer Research Institute (Oxford Martin School) & John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, University of Oxford Imperial College December 13th 2012 The tax mans taken all my dough,And left me in my stately home,Lazing on a sunny afternoon. Ray Davis (The Kinks) “Sunny Afternoon”

  2. Outline • What is needed? • Where could we help? • What should we do?

  3. Therapy Radiobiology What is needed?

  4. Depth Dose curves – photon and proton 100 tumour 80 SOBP Dose (%) 60 MV x-rays 40 Pristine peak 20 50 100 150 Depth (mm)

  5. Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) & Linear Energy Transfer (LET) • LET is related to dE/dx (Bethe Bloch) but is the energy transferred to the medium, not the energy lost by the particle

  6. RBE • The recommended value of RBE for protons is 1.1

  7. photon & proton irradiation • Averaged survival fractions over 3 repeated experiments. Dose (Gy) After AI Nagano (PTCRi, private communication) PTCRi Meeting

  8. Therapy Parameters: Energy 30 cm thickness of human body Radiography 300 MeV (p) 550 MeV/u (C)

  9. Summary of Therapy Requirements

  10. Summary of Radiobiology Desiderata • Energy reach • Protons, helium, lithium, carbon, oxygen • to at least 10-100 mm • 20-120 MeV (p) • 60-220 MeV/u (C) • Study mouse models in and away from the Bragg peak • Cell studies • Probably down to a few MeV/u • Flux • From single particle to >2 Gy/min • Field • Micro- or Nano-beam to 100 x 100 mm2

  11. Requirements for both • Desired energy • energy within 1% of specification • Small distribution of energy • s ~1% • Desired flux • High flux – 1% • Single particle • Precise transverse position • <0.5mm • ~microns (single particle)

  12. c.f. characteristics of a LEIR Radiobiology facility • Energy reach • Fully stripped 12C or 16O up to 240 MeV/u • 430 MeV/u (magnet limit) with new PS • Possible beam lines • Horizontal (full energy) • Vertical (limited energy ~100 MeV/u) • Large Hall • Currently used for storage • Space for radio biology laboratories • Status: under consideration • Feasability study in progress • Funding? • EU? Funding Agencies? Special budget?

  13. Where could we help?

  14. A Compact Laser-Plasma Ion Source • For radiobiology (see above) • Rapid change of ion species • “Small” footprint • (shielding!) • (few square metres) • Low(ish) cost • Not defined, but “less than millions” • For therapy • Use and an injector to a post-accelerator • FFAG-like (accelerate a spectrum) • Later (20-30) years? • Full therapy system

  15. Develop a simple plasma-driven ion source? reliable, reproducible, flexible, “cheap” Radiobiology easier than therapy as a first phase Therapy injector useful as a second phase Therapy eventually aim for a compact CPT facility Is there a possible funding source? Summary and conclusion

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