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Investigating Artificial Selection: Traits & Organisms

Explore how artificial selection influences traits in organisms through selective breeding methods like inbreeding, hybridization, cloning, and genetic engineering. Learn about the impact of these technologies on inheritance.

freddiephillips
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Investigating Artificial Selection: Traits & Organisms

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  1. Learning Intention: 8.LS4.5 Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the technologies that have changed the way humans use artificial selection to influence the inheritance of desired traits in other organisms. Science Notes: Standard 13 8th Grade Terms to Investigate artificial selection, inheritance, traits, and organisms Crosscutting Concepts Structure and Function, Cause and Effect Success Criteria/I Can Statement By the end of this unit I will be able to say... ...I can explain how humans use artificial selection.

  2. Selection ...process where traits are selected for or against resulting in these traits becoming more or less abundant. Science Notes: Standard 13 8th Grade Natural Selection ...nature (not humans) “selects” the traits that are best fit for surviving and/or thriving in a specific environment. Artificial Selection ...the process by which humans breed (select) certain organisms in order to produce desirable traits in the offspring. A.K.A. selective breeding What traits were selected for with these three animals?

  3. Artificial Selection/Selective Breeding Example: Plant (Wild Mustard) Science Notes: Standard 13 8th Grade

  4. Artificial Selection/Selective Breeding Example: Animal (Cows) Science Notes: Standard 13 8th Grade Aurochs TX Longhorn Holstein European Oxen

  5. Artificial Selection/Selective Breeding Example: Plant (Wheat and Corn) Science Notes: Standard 13 8th Grade Wheat Corn

  6. Artificial Selection Methods Inbreeding: production of offspring from mating/breeding parents that are genetically closely related. Science Notes: Standard 13 8th Grade Advantages? Disadvantages? Inbred organisms are also called “Purebreds”

  7. Artificial Selection Methods Hybridization: hybrids are produced from the mating of genetically differentiated parents. Science Notes: Standard 13 8th Grade Advantages? Disadvantages? Liger Zebroid Zebroid: Hybrid cross from a male zebra and a female horse. Liger: Hybrid cross from a male lion and a female tiger.

  8. Artificial Selection Methods Cloning: refers to the process of creating clones (copies) of organisms that have exactly the same genes as the organisms from which they are produced. Science Notes: Standard 13 8th Grade Advantages? Disadvantages? Dolly the Sheep- 1996

  9. Genetic Engineering: Genes from one organism are transferred into the DNA of another organism. (Includes gene therapy.) Advantages? Disadvantages? Science Notes: Standard 13 8th Grade Glofish- Glow in the Dark fish have been inserted with a bioluminescent gene.

  10. Other Artificial Selection Methods Linebreeding: is a type of inbreeding where offspring are produced from mating/breeding with closely related genetic lines. Science Notes: Standard 13 8th Grade Advantages? Disadvantages? Outcrossing: production of offspring from parents that are not closely genetically related. Advantages? Disadvantages? Inducing Mutations: since mutations are an ultimate source of genetic diversity, sometimes breeders will induce mutations in order to increase diversity in a population. Advantages? Disadvantages? Video (5:05): Selective Breeding

  11. Science Notes: Standard 13 8th Grade

  12. . Science Notes: Standard 13 8th Grade

  13. Science Notes: Standard 13 8th Grade .

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  15. Science Notes: Standard 13 8th Grade

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