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Phylum Arthropoda

Phylum Arthropoda. Segmented body. Paired segmented appendages. Bilateral symmetry. Chitinous exoskeleton. Tubular alimentary canal with mouth and anus. Phylum Arthropoda. Open circulatory system, a tubular dorsal blood vessel. Body cavity or coelom.

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Phylum Arthropoda

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  1. Phylum Arthropoda • Segmented body. • Paired segmented appendages. • Bilateral symmetry. • Chitinous exoskeleton. • Tubular alimentary canal with mouth and anus.

  2. Phylum Arthropoda • Open circulatory system, a tubular dorsal blood vessel. • Body cavity or coelom. • Nervous system of anterior ganglia and paired nerve cords. • Striated muscles in skeletal system. • Respiration by gills, tracheae, or spiracle.

  3. Phylum Arthropoda • Insects • Arachnids (spiders, ticks, mites, etc.) • Crustaceans • Millipedes • Centipedes Cottonwood Leaf Beetle,Chrysomela scripta CUES, http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/IPM-turf/sodwebworms.htm Sod Webworm Moth, Crambus sp.

  4. Class Crustacea: Crabs, lobsters, sowbugs • Two main body sections. • Five to seven pairs of legs. • Twopairs ofantennae. • Simpleeyes. O.F.A.H.http://www.invadingspecies.com/ Crayfish

  5. Class Crustacea: Crabs, lobsters, sowbugs Pillbugs

  6. Class Chilopoda: Centipedes • One pair of legs per body segment. • Flattened body. • First pair of legs modified as venomous fangs. • Nocturnal predators. • Few are dangerous to humans. Garden Centipede,Lithobius forficatus Department of Entomology,University of Nebraska-Lincoln

  7. Class Chilopoda: Centipedes Georgia ForestryCommission ArchivesGeorgia ForestryCommissionwww.forestryimages.org Fangs of Scolopendrid Centipede (above)House Centipede,Scutigera coleoptrata (right) Department of Entomology,University of Nebraska-Lincoln

  8. Class Diplopoda: Millipedes • Two pairs of legs per body segment. • Cylindrical body. • Feed ondecayingplantmaterial. • Nocturnal. • Harmless. Emily G. Tenczar Pet African Giant Millipedes

  9. Class Diplopoda: Millipedes Photos by William Leonard, Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/tree/phylogeny.html

  10. Class Arachnida: Spiders, ticks, mites, harvestman, scorpions, etc. Tick Mite Yellow Garden Spider

  11. Class Arachnida Ronald F. BillingsTexas Forest Servicewww.forestryimages.org • Mouthparts are calledchelicerae. • Most contain venom. • Antennae are absent. Blacklegged Tick, Ixodes scapularis Yellow Garden Spider,Argiope aurantia Scott Bauer, USDA Agricultural Research Service, www.insectimages.org

  12. Class Arachnida:Order Araneae: Spiders • Two body regions(cephalothorax, abdomen). • Fangs (chelicerae), mostare venomous. • Most are not dangerous. • Most make webs. David Cappaert, www.insectimages.org Jumping Spider, Phidippus audax

  13. Class Arachnida:Order Araneae: Spiders David Keith, Department of EntomologyUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln Crab Spider,Misumenoides formosipes Wolf Spider,Lycosa carolinensis James O. Howell, The University of Georgia, www.forestryimages.org

  14. Class Arachnida:Order Opiliones: Harvestman (Daddy Longlegs) • One apparent bodyregion. • Abdomen andcephalothorax short. • Common and harmless. Leiobunum sp. Joseph Berger, www.insectimages.org

  15. Class Arachnida:Order Scorpiones: Scorpions • Long tail with sting. • Pedipalps are modifiedas pinchers. • Most scorpion stingsare no worse than beestings; only a minorityof species arepotentially dangerous. E. Tenczar Striped Bark Scorpion, Centruroides vittatus,gravid female from Texas

  16. Class Arachnida:Order Scorpiones: Scorpions E. Tenczar E. Tenczar Emperor Scorpion,Pandinus imperator,female eating cockroach, native to West Africa Northern Desert Hairy Scorpion, Hadrurus spadix,native to US

  17. Class Arachnida:Order Scorpiones: Scorpions E. Tenczar Arizona Bark Scorpion, Centruroides exilicauda, mating

  18. Class Arachnida:Order Scorpiones: Scorpions E. Tenczar E. Tenczar Flat Rock Scorpion,Hadogenes troglodytes,female, native toSouth Africa Lined Devil Scorpion,Vaejovis spinigerus,female from Arizona with young

  19. Class Arachnida:Order Scorpiones: Scorpions E. Tenczar Slenderbrown Bark Scorpion,Centruroides gracilis,male from Central America E. Tenczar Pandinus imperator; scorpions glow under UV/ black light

  20. Class Arachnida:Order Scorpiones: Scorpions E. Tenczar E. Tenczar Black Thick-Tailed Scorpion, Parabuthus transvaalicus, a highly venomous species native to South Africa

  21. Class Arachnida: Order Acari: Ticks • Ticks have two body regions. • Young have six legs, adults have eight. Jim Occi, BugPics, www.insectimages.org Blacklegged Tick, Ixodes scapularis

  22. Class Arachnida:Order Acari: Chiggers • Attach to skin using twoclaws. • Two blade-like beaks enterthe skin. Chigger Bites on Human

  23. Class Arachnida:Order Acari: Mites • Mites have only one noticeable body region.

  24. Mites • Egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph, adult. • Four pair legs; three pairs on larvae. • Two body segments: head, thorax. • Chelicerae: fangs like spiders. • Suck cells. • Cause chlorosis; yellowing of foliage. • Transmit disease. • Diagnostics: chlorosis, webbing, rusetting, galls.

  25. Mites • Female: round abdomen • Male: pointed abdomen

  26. Warm/Cool Season Mites Warm season • Twospotted spider mite • European red mite • Bulb mite Jack Kelly Clark, University of Californiahttp://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/T/I-AC-TSPP-AD.022.html Twospotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae

  27. Mites in the Greenhouse Family Tetranychidae: • Twospotted spider mite • Lewis mite Family Tarsonemidae: • Cyclamen mite CUEShttp://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/inter/inmine/Mitesc.html Cyclamen Mite

  28. Mites in the Landscape • Family Eriophyidae: gall or vagrant mites • Family Tetranychidae: spider mites • Family Tarsonemidae: cyclamen/broad mites • Family Phytoseiidae: predatory mites • Family Acaridae: bulb mite • Family Oribatidae: soil mites Broad Mite CUES, http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/inter/inmine/Mitesc.html

  29. Family Phytoseiidae: Predatory mites Predatory mites: Phytoseiulus persimilis

  30. Family Tetranychidae: Spider mites Clover Mite, Bryobia praetiosa • Found in turf.

  31. Epiclass Hexapoda:Insects, springtails, diplurans, proturans • Three distinct bodyregions: head, thorax,abdomen. • One pair antenna. • One pair of mandibles. Japanese Beetle,Popillia japonica

  32. Class Entognatha:Order Diplura: Diplurans David R. Maddison, Tree of Life Web Projecthttp://tolweb.org/tree/phylogeny.html • Ametabolous: simplemetamorphosis. • Two caudal filaments. • Compound eyes. • Antennae. • Wingless adults.

  33. Class Entognatha:Order Collembola: Springtails • Ametabolous: simple metamorphosis. • Furcula or fork-like springing structures. • Simple eyes. • Antennae. • Wingless adults. David R. Maddison, Tree of Life Web Projecthttp://tolweb.org/tree/phylogeny.html

  34. Class Entognatha:Order Protura: Proturans • Ametabolous:simplemetamorphosis. • No eyes. • No antennae. • Very small. David R. Maddison, Tree of Life Web Projecthttp://tolweb.org/tree/phylogeny.html

  35. Class Insecta: Insects • Protruding mouthparts, unlike non-insect hexapods. David Cappaert, www.insectimages.org Milkweed Leaf Beetle,Labidomera clivicollis

  36. Class Insecta:Order Thysanura: Silverfish • Ametabolous: simple metamorphosis. • Three tail-like appendages. • Body flattened and covered with scales. • Wingless adults. • . Lepisma saccharina Clemson University - USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Serieswww.insectimages.org

  37. Class Insecta: Pterygota: Winged Insects Lacy L. HycheAuburn Universitywww.insectimages.org • Most adult forms have wings. • Hemimetabolous, Polyphemus Moth, Antheraea polyphemus

  38. Class Insecta:Order Ephemeroptera: Mayflies Tree of Life Web Project http://tolweb.org/tree/phylogeny.html • Hemimetabolousmetamorphosis:simple, incomplete. • Winged adults live for a day. • Wings at rest held over body. • 2-3 caudal filaments.

  39. Class Insecta:Order Odonata: Dragonflies and damselflies • Hemimetabolous metamorphosis: simple, incomplete. • Toothed mandibles (chewing mouthparts). David Cappaert, www.insectimages.org Damselfly

  40. Class Insecta: Pterygota, Neoptera • These insects can fold their wings back over the body. • . Green Stink Bug, Acrosternum hilare David Cappaert, www.insectimages.org

  41. Class Insecta:Order Plecoptera: Stoneflies • Hemimetabolous metamorphosis:simple, incomplete. • Folded wings. • Winged adults. Triznaka signata adult (top), Perlesta decipiensnymph (bottom) C. Riley Nelson Tree of Life Web Projecthttp://tolweb.org/tree/phylogeny.html

  42. Class Insecta: Pterygota, Neoptera:Paurometabolous/gradual Metamorphosis • Walkingsticks • Grasshoppers and crickets • Mantids • Stoneflies • Lice • True Bugs

  43. Class Insecta:Order Phasmatodea: Walkingsticks • Paurametabolous metamorphosis: gradual. • Winged adults. • Chewing mouthparts. • . Herbert A. "Joe" Pase III, Texas Forest Service, www.insectimages.org Anisomorpha sp.

  44. Class Insecta: Order Orthoptera: Grasshoppers, katydids, and crickets • Paurametabolousmetamorphosis: gradual. • Straight wings. • Winged adults. • . Redlegged Grasshopper,Melanoplus femurrubrum Russ Ottens, The University of Georgia www.insectimages.org

  45. Class Insecta:Order Mantodea: Mantids Clemson Universityhttp://entweb.clemson.edu/cuentres/cesheets/benefici/ce178.htm • Paurametabolousmetamorphosis:gradual. • Winged adults. • Chewing mouthparts. Praying Mantis

  46. Class Insecta:Order Blattaria: Cockroaches • Paurametabolous metamorphosis: gradual. • Winged adults. • Chewing mouthparts. • . Clemson University - USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Series www.insectimages.org American Cockroach, Periplaneta americana

  47. Class Insecta:Order Isoptera: Termites • Paurametabolousmetamorphosis:gradual. • Equal wings. • Winged adults. • Chewingmouthparts. • . Gerald J. Lenhard, www.insectimages.org Formosan Subterranean Termite,Coptotermesformosanus

  48. Class Insecta:Order Dermaptera: Earwigs • Paurametabolous metamorphosis: gradual. • Skin-like front wings. • Winged adults. • . Striped Earwig,Labidura riparia Joseph Berger, www.insectimages.org

  49. Class Insecta: Order Phthiraptera (Mallophaga and Anoplura): Lice • Paurametabolous metamorphosis: gradual. • Wingless adults. • Chewing or suckingmouthparts. Sucking Louse,Haematopinus eurysternus Iowa State University''s Entomology Image Gallery

  50. Class Insecta: Order Hemiptera:Suborder Heteroptera: True bugsSuborder Sternorrhyncha: Aphids, whiteflies, scalesSuborder Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadas, hoppers • Paurametabolous metamorphosis: gradual. • Usually winged adults. • Sucking mouthparts. • Nymphs and adults in same habitat.

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