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Thought of the Day

Thought of the Day.

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Thought of the Day

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  1. Thought of the Day Yesterday we discussed the geography, development, and well-known events of ancient Greece. Describe the geography of Greece. What two civilizations emerged in ancient Greece? We also discussed the famous writer Homer and his epic poems The Iliad and The Odyssey. What was the background story to the stories?

  2. Greek City-States 750BC Greek city-states known as apolis (town, city, or village) Apolis is on top a hill called the acropolis; people go here if attacked; also have religious temples & public buildings Below acropolis is the agorawhere people assemble like the market (ex. Athens) Political rights- only adult males, none for women, children, laborers, or slaves City-states divided; extremely patriotic; rival one another

  3. Military Techniques Nobles (landowners) on horseback fought wars 700BC Hoplites (heavily armed infantry soldiers) carried round shields, short swords, and a spear Battled as unit, marched shoulder to shoulder in rectangular formation called a phalanx (made it hard for enemy to hurt them)

  4. Greek Colonies Spread along the Mediterranean Sea (S. Italy, S. France, N. Africa, & Thrace) Colonies spread Greek culture & political ideas Increased trade; exported pottery, wine, olive oil; imported-grains, metal, fish, timber, wheat New group of wealthy people wanted political power called tyrants Poor farmers indebted to aristocrats; tyrants gain power & have new temples built Allowed new people to partake in government which led to the development of democracy (gov’t ruled by the people) Other city-states remained committed to government by oligarchy (rule by few)

  5. Athens On peninsula of Attica 700BC was ruled by a king then an oligarchy under control by aristocrats Farmers sold into slavery (couldn’t pay their debt) Civil war broke out; aristocrats gave power to Solon (he canceled all debts) Wouldn’t give land back to poor (tyranny) Peisistratus seized power in 560BC; gave land to peasants People rebelled against son 2 years later Cleisthenes ruled & created the Council of 500 to oversee foreign affairs, make laws, creates founding for Athenian Democracy

  6. Sparta Needed more land so conquered nearby areas 800-600BC created military state that was highly disciplined, organized, & controlled Young men learn military discipline; enroll at 20yrs old; stay until 30yrs old then vote in assembly Women have lots of freedom Oligarchy government had 2 kings & led army 5 men (Ephors) elected each year; Council of Elder (2 king & 28 men over 60) decided on issues to present to assembly Spartans aren’t allowed to travel or study

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