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Where We Have Been, Where We Are Going

Where We Have Been, Where We Are Going. Weeks 1 and 2: Defining “History” and approaches to the “Southwest”. Where We Have Been, Where We Are Going. Weeks 1 and 2: Defining “History” and the “Southwest ” Week 3: Where Did Indians Come From?. Where We Have Been, Where We Are Going.

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Where We Have Been, Where We Are Going

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  1. Where We Have Been, Where We Are Going • Weeks 1 and 2: Defining “History” and approaches to the “Southwest”

  2. Where We Have Been, Where We Are Going • Weeks 1 and 2: Defining “History” and the “Southwest” • Week 3: Where Did Indians Come From?

  3. Where We Have Been, Where We Are Going • Weeks 1 and 2: Defining “History” and the “Southwest” • Week 3: Where Did Indians Come From? • Today: What was the World of Indians like before Spaniards arrived?

  4. Where We Have Been, Where We Are Going • Weeks 1 and 2: Defining “History” and the “Southwest” • Week 3: Where did Indians come From? • Today: What was the World of Indians like before Spaniards arrived? • Thursday: Reading Discussion and Intro to Spanish Colonization

  5. What was the Southwest Like Before Spaniards Arrived? SW History: 9.13.2011

  6. Major Theme • The Southwest was a shifting, dynamic, chaotic world before the arrival of Europeans

  7. Major Cultures/Civilizations before 1300 • Hohokam: Irrigation • Mogollon: Pottery • Ancestral Puebloans: Dry-land Farmers and Villagers

  8. Ancestral Puebloans • Inhabited the 4 Corners Region from as early as 1500 B.C. through around 1200 A.D.

  9. Ancestral Puebloans • Inhabited the 4 Corners Region from as early as 1500 B.C. through around 1200 A.D. • How did they live? • Dry Farming

  10. Dry-Land Farming

  11. Three Staples: Corn, bean, squash…

  12. “Anasazi” Enchilada?

  13. Ancestral Puebloans • Inhabited the 4 Corners Region from as early as 1500 B.C. through around 1200 A.D. • How did they live? • Dry Farming • Hunting

  14. Most Common Meat…

  15. Ancestral Puebloans • Inhabited the 4 Corners Region from as early as 1500 B.C. through around 1200 A.D. • How did they live? • Dry Farming • Hunting • Trade

  16. Traditional Southwestern Trade Routes

  17. The Meso-American Connection • Luxury Items • "Pueblos Traded for Chocolate Big TIme"

  18. The Meso-American Connection • Luxury Items • "Pueblos Traded for Chocolate Big Time” • Cultural Practices • Hohokam Ball Courts • Religious Similarities: War and Fertility

  19. The Meso-American Connection • Luxury Items • "Pueblos Traded for Chocolate Big Time” • Cultural Practices • Hohokam Ball Courts • Religious Similarities • Language: Uto-Aztecan

  20. The Meso-American Connection • Luxury Items • "Pueblos Traded for Chocolate Big Time” • Cultural Practices • Hohokam Ball Courts • Religious Similarities • Language: Uto-Aztecan • Original Homeland of Aztecs • Aztlán

  21. Aztlán: the Aztec Connection to the Southwest

  22. So What Happened? • Post-1200 A.D. Climate Change • Drought and Resource Scarcity

  23. So What Happened? • Post-1200 A.D. Climate Change • Drought and Resource Scarcity • Warfare and Political Crisis

  24. Injuries in Human Remains…

  25. Cliffside Dwelling

  26. So What Happened? • Post-1200 A.D. Climate Change • Drought and Resource Scarcity • Warfare and Political Crisis • Mass Migrations

  27. So What Happened? • Post-1200 A.D. Climate Change • Drought and Resource Scarcity • Warfare and Political Crisis • Mass Migrations • Ancestral Puebloans (Anasazi) move south, becoming Modern PuebloanPeople

  28. Post-1300 Puebloan Villages

  29. So What Happened? • Post-1200 A.D. Climate Change • Drought and Resource Scarcity • Warfare and Political Crisis • Mass Migrations • Ancestral Puebloans (Anasazi) move south, becoming Modern PuebloanPeople • Athapaskan or (Apachean) groups move south and east, establishing trade with Puebloans

  30. Athapaskan (Apachean) Migrations

  31. Conclusions • The Southwest was connected to the wider world via trade • Climate change and its social consequences shift human settlement in the region • By 1500, Ancestral Puebloans (Anasazi) had integrated into modern Pueblo communities of today, establishing an East-West trade with Plains Indians

  32. Key Theme • The Southwest was a shifting, dynamic, chaotic world before the arrival of Europeans

  33. Reading For Next Time For Thursday, be sure to read p. 58-86 of your reading packet from "The Pueblo Indian World." Rumor has it there may be a reading quiz on this reading. From the "Commentaries" section (starting on p. 87) you should be sure to read p. 99-100; 101-105; and 117-118.

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