Comprehensive Approach to Road Management & Solutions for Optimal Performance

1. An Overview of Highway Management System & Its Related Problems June 2000

2. DIFFERENT TYPE OF ROADS • Flexible Pavement • Composite Pavement • Rigid Pavement

3. TYPICAL X-SECTION OF ROAD PROJECT 13.300 M 7.3 M CARRIAGEWAY 3.000 M SHOULDER 3.000 M SHOULDER C L 4% 2% 2% 4% AC SURFACING AC BASE AGGREGATE BASE SUB BASE

4. What is Road Management • Purpose: To optimise the overall performance of the network over time • Goal: To improve the development and performance of the road sector and its use of resources, within the context of national objectives, in order to minimise transport costs.

5. Road Management • Road Management involves: • Setting priorities • Defining activities • Planning • Allocating resources • Organising and motivating personnel • Controlling work • Monitoring and evaluating performance • Feeding back results to seek improvements

6. THE IMPACTS OF ROAD MANAGEMENT • Level of service (road condition) The effects of road management can be assessed in terms of the various impacts: • Socio economic impacts • Road user costs • Accident levels and costs • Road administration costs

7. Components of Total Road Transport Costs in the Economy Road User/Vehicle Operating Construction Maintenance Operation - Fuel Consumption - Oil Consumption - Tyres Wear & Tear - Parts Replacement - Vehicle Depreciation - Travel Time - Accidents

8. Key Statistics from Emerging Countries • Transport sector is 5 to 10 per cent GDP • Paved roads account for 12% of length and 90% non-urban traffic • In some countries, actual expenditure is 25% of need • Every $ not spent on maintenance increases transport costs by 4$ • Surfacing lives vary from less than 5 to 10 years • Transport fuels and machinery account for 40% of import bill

9. Weaknesses in Road Management • Inadequate and un-secure funding • Greater priority given to new roads • Poorly motivated organisations • Weak or non existent management systems • Inappropriate treatments and lack of quality control • Poor regulations and/or enforcement • Equipment failures and lack of spares

10. Pavement Performance Pavement performance depends on: • Traffic volumes and loading • Road pavement strength • Maintenance standards

11. LONGITUDNAL CRACKS

12. BLOCK CRACKING

13. SEVERE FATIGUE CRACKS WITH PERMANENT DEFORMATIONS

14. Over Loaded Truck

15. Over Loaded Truck

16. Over Loaded Truck

17. Over Loaded Truck

18. Over Loaded Truck

19. Over Loaded Truck

20. Over Loaded Truck

21. Over Loaded Truck

22. Truck Damage Factors in Pakistan & USA

23. Network Roughness Condition Good (<3.5 IRI) * 28% Very Poor (IRI>7.0) 47% 8% Fair (3.5<IRI<5.0) 17% 7365 km two-lane equivalent Poor (5.0<IRI<7.0) network

24. RIDE QUALITY NETWORK Fair (8.0%) Good (28.0%) Poor (17.0%) Very Poor (47.0%) Network Condition Source: World Bank Study 1998

25. 1998 NETWORK ANALYSIS - REAMINING SERVICE LIFE  53% of Network has Remaining Service Life of Zero Years.  29% of Network has Remaining Service Life < 3 Years.

26. RIDE QUALITY & ROAD USER COST VEHICLE OPERATING COST (RS/KM) ROAD ROUGHNESS (MM/KM)

27. Funding Status

28. Funding Status

29. Minimum Budgetary Requirement SCENARIO TO MAINTAIN 1998 CONDITION; MIN. 2-3 BILLION RS PER YEAR * 100% 8.5 90% 80% 7.5 70% 6.5 60% Poor Fair 50% Average Roughness (IRI) Network Condition (%) Good 5.5 Avg.. IRI 40% 4.5 30% 20% 3.5 10% 2.5 0% 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Year

30. NETWORK ANALYSIS - ECONOMIC LOSS OF NON MAINTENANCE  Total Economic Loss : Rs. 38 Billion  Economic Loss due to N-5 Rs. 26 Billion

31. What SOLUTIONS can we suggest ? • Establish a dedicated and secure Road Fund • Prioritise on a rational and equitable basis • Adopt affordable standards • Implement appropriate management and quality systems • Address transport management, regulation and enforcement issues • Seek to improve road user behaviour and vehicle standards

32. Thank You