Preservation Metadata: Implementation Strategies (PREMIS)

1. Preservation Metadata: Implementation Strategies(PREMIS) Rebecca Guenther Library of Congress rgue@loc.gov IS&T Archiving Conference April 28, 2005

2. Overview of presentation • Background to PREMIS • PREMIS membership and charge • Preservation repositories implementation survey • PREMIS Core elements group • Development of data dictionary • Data model • Next steps • Implementation issues IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

3. OCLC/RLG Preservation Metadata Framework Working Group • OCLC/RLG Preservation Metadata Working Group • Convened March 2000 • Looked at CEDARS, NLA, NEDLIB, OCLC • Preservation metadata framework (June 2002) • Synthesized elements from existing sets • Based on OAIS information model • Elaboration of OAIS • Set of “prototype” preservation metadata elements http://www.oclc.org/research/projects/pmwg/pm_framework.pdf IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

4. PREMIS • June 2003: OCLC/RLG sponsored new working group: PREMIS • Preservation Metadata: Implementation Strategies • Need • Practical and implementable, not broadly theoretical • Independent of specific implementation • Objectives • Define “core” set of preservation metadata elements, with supporting data dictionary, applicable to broad range of digital preservation activities • Identify and evaluate alternative strategies for encoding, storing, managing, and exchanging preservation metadata IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

5. Priscilla Caplan, FCLA (Chair) Rebecca Guenther, LC (Chair) Michael Alexander, British Library George Barnum, GPO Charles Blair, U. of Chicago Olaf Brandt, U. of Gottingen Adam Farquhar, British Library David Gewirtz, Yale Kevin Glavash, MIT/Dspace Cathy Hartman, U. of N. Texas Helen Hodgart, British Library Nancy Hoebelheinrich, Stanford Roger Howard/Sally Hubbard, Getty Museum Pam Kircher, OCLC John Kunze, Calif. Digital Library Brian Lavoie, OCLC liaison Robin Dale, RLG liaison Vicky McCarger, LA Times Jerry McDonough, NYU/METS Evan Owens, JSTOR Erin Rhodes, NARA Madi Solomon, Walt Disney Co. Angela Spinazze, ATSPIN Gunter Waibel, RLG Lisa Weber, NARA Robin Wendler, Harvard Hilde van Wijngaarden, KB Andrew Wilson, NAA Membership IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

6. Howard Besser, UCLA Liz Bishoff, OCLC (via Colorado Digitization Program) Gerard Clifton, National Library of Australia Gail Hodge, CENDI Steve Knight, National Library of New Zealand Maggie Jones, Digital Preservation Coalition Nancy McGovern, Cornell Cliff Morgan, Wiley UK Richard Rinehart, U. of California, Berkeley Advisory Committee IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

7. Implementation Survey Report • State of the art in Winter, 2003/2004 • 28 libraries, 7 archives, 3 museums, and 11 other • 13 different countries; 45% from U.S. • 38% in planning; 33% development; 46% production IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

8. Survey findings • Little experience with digital preservation • Most didn’t have active preservation strategy • Many not yet in production • Cannot assess adequacy of metadata • Lack of common vocabulary and conceptual framework • Informed by OAIS reference model • Difference of opinion as to meaning of OAIS compliance • Metadata • Many recording rights, provenance, technical, administrative, descriptive and structural • Most repositories serve goals of both preservation and access IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

9. Trends • Store metadata redundantly in XML or relational database and with content data objects • Use METS for structural metadata and as container for descriptive and administrative; MIX for images • Use OAIS as framework and starting point • Maintain multiple versions (originals, some normalized or migrated) in repository with complete metadata for all versions • Choose multiple strategies for digital preservation IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

10. Core Elements • Mission: Define a core set of implementable preservation metadata elements. IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

11. Core Elements • Mission: Define a core set of implementable preservation metadata elements. • Information that supports and documents the digital preservation process; • Information that supports the viability, renderability, understandability, identity and authenticity of digital objects over time. IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

12. Core Elements • Mission: Define a core set of implementable preservation metadata elements. • What most working preservation repositories are likely to need to know • Core does not imply mandatory IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

13. Core Elements • Mission: Define a core set of implementable preservation metadata elements. • As rigorous as possible • As much explanation as possible • Implementation neutral -- “This is what you have to know” • Values can be automatically supplied and processed -- no lengthy textual descriptions IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

14. Core Elements: Data Model IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

15. Scope of data dictionary • Implementation independent • Descriptive metadata out of scope • Metadata about Agents is limited • Technical metadata applying to all or most format types • Media or hardware details is limited • Business rules are essential for working repositories, but not covered • Rights information for preservation actions, not access IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

16. Sample data dictionary entry IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

17. objectIdentifier preservationLevel objectCategory objectCharacteristics creatingApplication originalName Storage environment signatureInformation relationship linkingEventIdentifier linkingIntellectual Entity Identifier linkingPermission StatementIdentifier Semantic units pertaining to objects IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

18. objectCharacteristics • compositionlevel • fixity • size • format • significantProperties • inhibitors IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

19. Semantic units pertaining to Events • eventIdentifier • eventType • eventDateTime • eventDetail • eventOutcome • eventOutcomeDetail • linkingAgentIdentifier • linkingObjectIdentifier IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

20. Semantic units pertaining to Agents • agentIdentifier • agentName • agentType IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

21. Semantic units pertaining to Rights • permissionStatement • permissionStatementIdentifier • relatedObject • grantingAgent • grantingAgreement • permissionGranted • act • restriction • termOfGrant • permissionNote IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

22. Next steps • PREMIS deliverables (May 2005) • Data dictionary and report • XML schemas • Draft for experimentation to remain stable for a year • Revisions will be based on results of testing • Follow-up activities • Testbeds for implementation and exchange • Community outreach • Establish maintenance activity • Consider formal standardization IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

23. Implementation considerations • Schema use with specific implementations (e.g. METS) • Machine generation of metadata • Tools • Role of registries (format, environment) • Prospects for collaboration and exchanging information content • Rights and permissions • Emergence of best practices • Support needed from PREMIS maintenance activity IS&T Archiving Conference 2005

24. For More Information: • PREMIS Web Site • www.oclc.org/research/projects/pmwg • “Implementing Metadata in Digital Preservation Systems: The PREMIS Activity” D-Lib (April ‘04) • www.dlib.org/dlib/april04/lavoie/04lavoie.html • RLG DigiNews October 2004 and December 2004 issues • www.rlg.org/en/page.php?Page_ID=12081 • Priscilla Caplan: pcaplan@ufl.edu • Rebecca Guenther: rgue@loc.gov IS&T Archiving Conference 2005