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Growth & Development of Infants

Growth & Development of Infants. Physical Development. Head to foot: lift head, gain muscle control of arms and hands Near to far: wave arms, grab object, learn to pick up with thumbs and fingers Simple to complex: first eat with fingers, than learns to use a spoon or fork.

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Growth & Development of Infants

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  1. Growth & Development of Infants

  2. Physical Development • Head to foot: lift head, gain muscle control of arms and hands • Near to far: wave arms, grab object, learn to pick up with thumbs and fingers • Simple to complex: first eat with fingers, than learns to use a spoon or fork

  3. Growth During First Year • Weight -sign of good health -infant gains 1-2 lbs each month from birth to 6 years old -Second 6 months=baby gains weight less rapidly than in first 6 months. • Height -heredity influences height more than weight -At about a year old, average height=30 inches • Proportion -size relationship between different parts of body -During first year, proportions of baby’s body change.

  4. Development During First Year • Sight -newborn can focus on something that 7-10 inches away and at 1 month, 3 feet -prefers high contrast , stripes, faces, bull's-eyes, and the color red -helps develop hand eye coordination • Hearing -develops before birth -responds to a tone of a voice and is alarmed at loud angry voices • Taste & Smell - within ten days they can distinguish by smell their mother from another person - taste rapidly develops

  5. Development Continued… • Voice - cry becomes softer as lungs mature - physical growth of the throat muscles, tongue, lips, teeth, and vocal cords • Teeth - development begins the sixth week of pregnancy - first set of teeth are called primary teeth (baby teeth) which come at six to seven months of age -Causes pain, swelling, and baby becomes cranky • Motor Skills - depends on muscle control - requires intellectual, social, & emotional development which shows during the first year.

  6. Motor Skills • 1 month: lifts chin when placed on stomach • 2 months: lifts chest well above surface when placed on stomach • 3-4 months: holds head up steadily unsteadily reaches for objects rolls from side to back or back to side • 5-6 months: sits alone briefly turns completely over when laid on back or stomach • 7-8 months: eats with fingers picks up large objects pulls self up while holding onto furniture • 9-10 months: reaches for and manipulates objects with good control crawls on hands and knees • 11-12 months: may walk alone picks up small objects using thumb and forefinger fits blocks, boxes, or nesting toys inside one another

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