Today’s Agenda 09.16.2019

1. Today’s Agenda09.16.2019 Bellwork: Road to Revolution Graphic Organizer Top Three Revolutionary Events Intro to the LEQ, thesis statements

2. Bellwork: 09.16.2019 • From 1763 to 1776, key events occurred that slowly convinced colonists to sever ties with Britain & declare independence • In groups, examine the information and complete your Graphic Organizer titled “Road to Revolution” (you will be given 20 minutes to complete the front side of the graphic organizer, do not move on until directed). • Pay attention to the sequence of events and cause/effect relationships

3. Top Three Events • This next portion is not to be done in groups. • You now have 10 minutes to complete the back side of the graphic organizer titled “Top Three Events”

4. Discussion • When finished filling out your Top Three use your electronic device and go to • menti.com • Enter the code: 94 24 79

5. The LEQ • Always choose the essay topic you know the most about. • Causation Questions • Comparison Questions • Continuity over time Questions • 45 minutes • Coherent, argumentative essay • STEP ONE: R E A D the questions (do not just skim the questions) • Mark the historical thinking question that is being asked of you. • Mark the time period • STEP TWO: WRITE an argumentative thesis – someone should be able to look at your thesis and say “I agree” or “I disagree” with that thesis. • STEP THREE: CREATE AN OUTLINE

6. Thesis Formula • X. However A and B. Therefore, Y. • X = strongest counter argument • A & B = your strongest points • Y = your position in the essay

7. Sample Thesis • The taxes which were implemented following the French and Indian War were viewed by Americans as harsh and unfair leading to anger and frustration. However, it was the denial of basic political rights along with a beefed up presence in enforcing policies which had long been ignored which gave rise to a new sentiment within the American conscience. Therefore, while economic factors like taxes were important, political and social factors were significantly more important in bringing about the American Revolution.

8. Step 4: Get a 6 The LEQ Rubric • 1point – Thesis • 1 point – contextualization: 1st paragraph. 3-4 sentences to set your argument in its larger historical context. You want to start 30 - 50 years prior to the time period about which in you are writing. • YOU MUST BE SPECIFIC. Name drop: Who, What, When, Where, (Oh, wait this sounds like your historical IDS … hmmm) • 2 points – Evidence • 1 point just by mentioning two pieces of evidence that relate to your topic • 1 point if you use that evidence to advance your argument. You MUST DO SOMETHING with the evidence you mentioned • 2 points – Analysis and Reasoning • 1 point for doing what the topic ask you to do. If it is a comparison essay then compare. • 1 point for introducing complexity • If it is comparison then contrast • If it is a change over time essay then talk about continuity • If it is a causation essay then talk about the effects • OR you can Synthesize– apply the fullness of your argument to another time period. (Oh, wait this sounds like your historical IDs too…. Hmmm)

9. The L O N G Essay QuestionLEQ • Evaluate the extent to which the Seven Years’ War (French and Indian War, 1754–1763) marked a turning point in American relations with Great Britain, analyzing what changed and what stayed the same from the period before the war to the period after it.

10. Daily History Question09.08.2015 Why choose the words “join or die” ?

11. The French & Indian War (1756 to 1763) “The Great War for Empire”

12. Was 1763 a "turning point" in British-colonial relationships?

13. North America in 1750

14. 1754 The Battle of Fort Necessity The Ohio Valley British French Fort Necessity Fort Duquesne* George Washington * Delaware & Shawnee Indians

15. 1754  Albany Plan of Union • Albany Congress • Led by Ben Franklin • Ultimately a failure • But the fuse was in place

16. 1755 • B decides to get involved in the war. • Battle of Fort Duquesne • Gen. E. Braddock led a group of British regulars and colonist to evict the French from the British territory. • George Washington was his aid • Killed 10 mi. from Ft. Duquesne by 1500 French and Indian forces. Only Br. Success  expelled France from Louisiana.

17. British-American Colonial Tensions Methods ofFighting: • Indian-style guerilla tactics. • March in formation or bayonet charge. MilitaryOrganization: • Col. militias served under own captains. • Br. officers wanted to take charge of colonials. MilitaryDiscipline: • No mil. deference or protocols observed. • Drills & tough discipline. Finances: • Resistance to rising taxes. • Colonists should pay for their own defense. Demeanor: • Casual, non-professionals. • Prima Donna Br. officers with servants & tea settings.

18. 1757 • William Pitt becomes Prime Minister • He understood colonial concerns. • He offered them a compromise - col. loyalty & mil. Cooperation  Br. would reimburse col. assemblies for their costs. RESULTS? Colonial morale increased by 1758.

19. 1758-1761  The Tide Turns for England *By 1761, Sp. has become an ally of Fr.

20. 1763  Treaty of Paris France --> lost her Canadian possessions, most of her empire in India, and claims to lands east of the Mississippi River. Spain -->got all French lands west of the Mississippi River, New Orleans, but lost Florida to England. England -->got all French lands in Canada, exclusive rights to Caribbean slave trade, and commercial dominance in India.

21. North America in 1763

22. Effects of the War on Britain? 1. It increased her colonial empire in the Americas. 2. It greatly enlarged England’s debt. 3. Britain’s contempt for the colonials created bitter feelings. Therefore, England felt that amajor reorganization of her American Empire was necessary!

23. Effects of the War on the American Colonials 1.It united them against a common enemy for the first time. 2. It created a socializing experience for all the colonials who participated. 3. It created bitter feelings towards the British that would only intensify.

24. The Aftermath: Tensions Along the Frontier 1763 Pontiac’s Rebellion Fort Detroit British “gifts” of smallpox-infected blankets from Fort Pitt.

25. Pontiac’s Rebellion (1763)

26. BACKLASH! British ProclamationLine of 1763. Colonials  Paxton Boys (PA)

27. Daily History Question 09.10.2015 Make a list of the top 10 events leading to the American Revolution. (this is an opinion and you will need use of book)

28. Rethinking Their Empire Br. Gvt. measures to prevent smuggling: • 1761 writs of assistance • James Otis’ case • Protection of a citizen’s private property must be held in higher regard than a parliamentary statute. • He lost  parliamentary law and custom had equalweight.

29. George Grenville’s Program, 1763-1765 1. Sugar Act - 1764 2. Currency Act - 1764 3. Quartering Act - 1765 4. Stamp Act - 1765

30. Stamp Act Crisis Loyal Nine- 1765 Sons of Liberty– began in NYC:Samuel Adams Stamp Act Congress– 1765*Stamp Act Resolves Declaratory Act– 1766

31. Townshend Duties Crisis: 1767-1770 1767 William Pitt, P. M. & Charles Townshend, Secretary of the Exchequer. • Shift from paying taxes for Br. war debts & quartering of troops  paying col. govt. salaries. • He diverted revenue collection from internal to external trade. • Tax these imports  paper, paint, lead, glass, tea. • Increase custom officials at American ports  established a Board of Customs in Boston.

32. Colonial Response to the Townshend Duties 1. John Dickinson  1768*Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania. 2. 1768  2nd non-importation movement:*“Daughters of Liberty”*spinning bees 3. Riots against customs agents:* John Hancock’s ship, the Liberty.* 4000 British troops sent to Boston.

33. For the first time, many colonists began calling people who joined the non-importation movement, "patriots!"