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Traditional liberties

Traditional liberties. Liberty!. quartering of troops. taxation. King's judges. trade restrictions. Why was independence the ONLY solution for the colonists?. Colonists had lost confidence in British Constitution. English Constitution was inadequate check on abuses of political power.

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Traditional liberties

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  1. Traditional liberties Liberty! quartering of troops taxation King's judges trade restrictions

  2. Why was independence the ONLY solution for the colonists? Colonists had lost confidence in British Constitution English Constitution was inadequate check on abuses of political power English Constitution was an inadequate guarantee of liberty of citizens Belief in a higher law ---John Locke

  3. How radical were the American Revolutionaries? QUESTIONED GOVERNMENTAL “AUTHORITY” Taxation w/o representation in Parliament QUESTIONED KING’S POWER Quartered troops/ controlled judges QUESTIONED BRITISH CONSTITUTION’S LEGITIMACY Allowed abuse of political power QUESTIONED ATTACHMENT TO MOTHER CO. Did not guarantee natural rights

  4. “The real revolution was the radical change in the principles opinions and affections of the people.” John Adams Government by royal prerogative Consent of the people Government by tradition Direct grant of power in a written constitution Rights exist to preserve government Government exists to preserve rights Executive branch superior to all Legislative superior to Executive branch

  5. Real Revolution Declaration of Independence 1. Gov by consent, not prerogative Lockean Principles 2 Written Constitution – a direct grant of power 3. Legislative supremacy 4. Unalienable Rights 5. Change in attitude/opinion What made authority legitimate & liberty secure

  6. A radical change in belief of what made authority legitimate and liberties secure ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE REAL REVOLUTION Shay’s Rebellion Constitutional Convention

  7. 6 Basic Ideas in all state constitutions Higher Law & Natural Rights Social Contract Popular Sovereignty Representation & Right to vote 3 Branches with Legislative Supremacy Checks and Balances

  8. State Declarations of Rights Political Rights: Right to vote free speech and press right to petition the gov. No taxation w/o representation Due Process Rights: Rights to counsel, trial by jury protection from searches, self-incrimination and cruel and unusual punishment

  9. Sh a y’s Re b e ll i o n Constitution Convention Articles of Confederation POWERS Virginia Plan. N.J. Plan WEAKNESSES Compromises

  10. Constitution A government strong enough to preserve order… …but not so strong as to threaten liberty. Separation of Powers Representative Government Popular Sovereignty Checks and Balances Judicial Review Federalism

  11. Constitutional Convention • 55 Delegates • Rhode Island – only state which did not attend • 17 weeks • “Neither saints nor schemers” • “Shaped by accidents of personalities and time” • A workable balance between powers granted to gov in the name of the people…AND limits on those powers …in the name of the people

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