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SPONGE 9

SPONGE 9. Please make a list of your observable traits. Be specific. Blonde Hair Fine hair (texture) Wavy hair Blue-green eyes Medium length eye-lashes Oval shaped face Light peach skin 5’6 Detached earlobes Non-hitch hikers thumb Rolled tongue. 7.1 Chromosomes and Phenotype.

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SPONGE 9

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  1. SPONGE 9 Please make a list of your observable traits. Be specific.

  2. Blonde Hair • Fine hair (texture) • Wavy hair • Blue-green eyes • Medium length eye-lashes • Oval shaped face • Light peach skin • 5’6 • Detached earlobes • Non-hitch hikers thumb • Rolled tongue

  3. 7.1 Chromosomes and Phenotype 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 89 • Topic: 7.1 Chromosomes and Phenotype • Essential Questions: • Don’t forget to add it to your T.O.Contents!

  4. KEY CONCEPT The chromosomes on which genes are located can affect the expression of traits.

  5. Sexually reproducing organisms have two of each chromosome. • One from mother and one from father • Have the same genes, but may have different alleles • About 99.9% of all human DNA is identical

  6. Autosomal recessive disorder: Any offspring with two recessive genes (cc) will have the disease/disorder • A carrier is heterozygous (Cc) for a recessive disorder • Autosomal genetic disorders: disorders that have no relation to the sex of an individual C c Ex: Cystic Fibrosis Cc CC C *carrier cc c Cc Disorder *carrier

  7. Albinism is a autosomalrecessive disorder characterized by a lack of pigment I skin, hair and eyes.

  8. A a A a a a A A Fill out these punnett sqs. What is the probability that the offspring will have albinism?

  9. A a A a AA a a aa A A Aa Aa AA Aa Aa aa • O% will have albinism • 50% carriers • 50% will have albinism • 50% carriers Both Mom and Dad have to either have the disorder or be carriers for offspring to be affected with an autosomal recessive disorder!

  10. Autosomal Dominant Disorders: any offspring showing a dominant allele will have the disorder • Dominant disorders are uncommon • Ex: Huntington’s Disease H h Hh hh h *anywhere there is an H the child will have the disease Disorder hh Hh h Disorder

  11. Genes on sex chromosomes are called sex-linked genes. • Y chromosome genes in mammals are responsible for male characteristics. • X chromosome genes in mammals affect many traits.

  12. Male mammals have an XY genotype. • All of a male’s sex-linked genes are expressed because Males have no second copies of sex-linked genes. • One copy X, one copy Y

  13. Female mammals have an XX genotype. • Expression of sex-linked genes is similar to autosomal genes in females. • X chromosome inactivationrandomly “turns off” one X chromosome • ensures that females, like males, have one functional copy of the X chromosome in each body cell X

  14. Males only have one X chromosome so one color will be present (recessive OR dominant) Female cats have two X chromosomes. Each patch of fur can be different depending on which X chromosome “turns off”

  15. Pg. 65-66 All Autosomal Recessive: DD- no disorder Dd-carrier dd- disorder Autosomal Dominant: DD- disorder Dd-disorder dd-no disorder

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