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Lingua Franca Core for World Englishes

Lingua Franca Core for World Englishes. Lingua Franca Core (LFC). Core features for English as a lingua franca (ELF) Intelligible pronunciation Intelligible vocabulary use Intelligible grammar Intelligible communication style.

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Lingua Franca Core for World Englishes

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  1. Lingua Franca Core for World Englishes

  2. Lingua Franca Core (LFC) • Core features for English as a lingua franca (ELF) • Intelligible pronunciation • Intelligible vocabulary use • Intelligible grammar • Intelligible communication style

  3. Jenkins, J. (2000). The phonology of English as an international language. • This book advocates a new approach to English pronunciation teaching, in which the goal is mutual intelligibility among non-native speakers, rather than the imitation of native speakers.

  4. Pronunciation • How to achieve intelligibility ( Jenkins, 2000, p.132) • Most consonant sounds • Appropriate consonant cluster simplification • Vowel length distinctions • Nuclear stress

  5. LFC（consonant sounds） • Consonants are essential for intelligibility of words • Vowels are more varied than consonants (e.g., dialects) • Historically vowels have been shifted (e.g., Great vowel shift) • Blind　ブリーンド→ ブラインド • Sweet　スウェート→ スウィート • Clean　クレーン→ クリーン • Stone　　ストーン→ ストウン • Name　　ナーメ　→ネーム　→　ネイム • Moon　　モーン　→ムーン

  6. LFC（Simplification of consonant clusters） • Consonant clusters • initial cluster: max 3 cons. split; • final cluster: max 4 cons.twelfths, bursts, glimpsed • Simplification • [wh] -> [w] what, when, etc. • [j] -> none new, chew, etc.

  7. LFC（Vowel length distinctions） • Short vowel • [i] it • Long vowel • [i:] eat

  8. LFC（stress） • Stress and meaning • Placement of stress is important. • Stress sometimes functions as an emphasis of meaning. • Word stress • Desert DEsert deSErt • Sentence stress • I know that. I KNOW that. I know THAT.

  9. Difficulties of LFC pronunciation for Japanese speakers of English • Consonants • Vowels • Syllable and mora

  10. Difficulties 1: Consonants • [th] • Thank you. サンキュー[sank] • Think tank シンクタンク[sink] • That’s entertainment! ザッツ・エンターテイメント[za?tzu] • With 　　　ウィズ[wizu] • Japanese speakers replace [th] with [s]and [z], rather than [t]and [d].

  11. Difficulties: Consonants 2 • [l] vs [r] distinction • Not crucial • Relatively learned late in L1 acquisition

  12. Difficulties: Vowel Length Distinctions • Phonemic distinction in English • [ful] [fu:l] • Non-phonemic distinction in Japanese English • 「メール」 [mail] vs [me:l] • 「ファースト・レディー」 [laidi] vs [ledi:]

  13. Difficulties: Syllable and Mora • Mora • Unit of sounds measured by the duration of time. One mora is pronounced with the same duration of time. Japanese uses mora-system. • Syllable • Unit of sounds measured by the number of vowels. One syllable has one vowel. English uses syllable-system.

  14. Vocabulary Use • How to achieve intelligibility in vocabulary use

  15. Grammar • How to achieve intelligibility in grammar

  16. Communication Style

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