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The Great War on the Home Front

The Great War on the Home Front . The U.S. in World War 1. Pre-War Preparations. 16 th Amendment: created national income tax National Defense Act (1916): Tripled the size of the army, federalized the National Guard

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The Great War on the Home Front

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  1. The Great War on the Home Front The U.S. in World War 1

  2. Pre-War Preparations • 16th Amendment: created national income tax • National Defense Act (1916): Tripled the size of the army, federalized the National Guard • Naval Expansion Act/Merchant Marine Act (1916): Big increase in the size of the U.S. Navy, allows USFG to own ships and regulate shipping

  3. Wartime Preparations • Selective Service Act (1917): Beginning of conscription (draft) • War Industries Board (1917): Oversees mass production of war materials • Espionage Act (1917) Criminalizes behavior and speech that interferes with military goals • Sedition Act (1918): Amends the Espionage Act to include criticism of the USFG, military, and flag.

  4. Wartime Preparations • CPI-Committee on Public Information (1917): George Creel heads the official propaganda wing of the USFG • Food Administration run by Herbert Hoover: rationing, victory gardens

  5. Wartime Preparations • Trading with the Enemy Act (1917) Government has power to censor all communications leaving the country • Sabotage Act (1917) allowed government to suppress industrial action (strikes) in the name of necessary war production • Schenk vs. U.S. (1919) case that severely limits 1st Amendment protections during wartime

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