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REHABILITATION ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER ON TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER (T 2 RERC) TRAINING MODULES ON TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER. MODULE 8: PROJECT TRACKING AND EVALUATION. Objective of the Module:. Participants will: explain basic concepts and terms used in program evaluation/research;
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REHABILITATION ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER ON TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER (T2 RERC)TRAINING MODULES ONTECHNOLOGY TRANSFER MODULE 8:PROJECT TRACKING AND EVALUATION
Objective of the Module: Participants will: • explain basic concepts and terms used in program evaluation/research; • define indicators of effectiveness and efficiency for a project of their interest • suggest methods to track the indicators; • identify how the results would be used for project monitoring and evaluation
BASIC CONCEPTSAND TERMS • Research and Evaluation • Merit and Worth • Management Orientation: Evaluation for Development • Effectiveness and Efficiency • Formative and Summative Evaluation • Outcome and Impact
Merit refers to intrinsic quality of person/ product/ system its potential, or promise to be “valued” in its broader context. Ex: Program inputs (resources, design, theory); processes (operations) and outcomes indicate its merit Worth refers to extrinsic value of person/ product/ system its actual “value” in the broader context Ex: program effects/ impacts on internal and external environments indicate its worth. Merit and Worth
Fig 2. Evaluation and the Planning Cycle Context Evaluation Cycle ← ↓ ← ← ← ← ← ← ← Evaluation ← ← ← ← ← ↓ ↑ ß ↓ ↑ ↓ Planning Cycle ↑ ↓ What needs ↑ ↓ to be done? ↑ ↓ ← ← [ Defining ← ← ↑ ↓ ↓ objective] ↑ ↑ ↓ ↑ Þ Product Evaluation Are we there yet? How to do it? Ü Recycle output or [Defining Input disseminate? resources ] Evaluation ↓ ↓ What is the ↑ ↑ ↓ ↓ optimal path ↑ ↑ ↓ → → to get to → → ↑ ↓ goal? ↑ ↓ [process ↑ ↓ improvement ↑ ↓ ] ↑ ↑ Ý ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑↑ → → → → → → → Process → → → → → → → → Evalu ation
INPUT ---- P ROCESS ---- OUTPUT à à ↑ ↓ ← ← ← ← ← ← ← FEEDBACK Effective: gets outcome at the desired quality/quantity level Efficient: Maximizes effectiveness, minimizes cost Efficiency =Output/ Input
FORMATIVE Assesses quality of outcome during the process, while outcome is taking shape Provides basis for improving/maintaining program actions SUMMATIVE Assesses quality of outcome at the end of process when outcome is in final stage Provides basis for establishing program effectiveness & efficiency; [accountability] Formative vs.Summative Evaluation
Outcomes direct outputs or immediate effects assess program’s performance- its effectiveness and efficiency; an indicator of merit Impacts long term effects; benefits to staff, participants, other stakeholders and community at large assess program’s validity/relevance; indicator of worth Outcomes and Impacts
Framing program evaluation: three basic questions • Is the program effective? - has it achieved its goals? • Is it efficient? - did it optimize its methods, resources to achieve the goals? • Is it valid? - are its goals relevant to the context? Is it valued by its stakeholders and beneficiaries?
In Response: what to assess • Effective? --- Outcome quality; outcome quantity (for duration of program) • Efficient? -- Cost per outcome; Time per outcome • Valid? Worth it? -- internal and external impacts; long term effects on/ benefits to stakeholders and others involved NOTE: outcome,cost/time [merit indicators] - assessed through tracking program performance. Impact [worth indicator]: - assessed through tracking effects beyond program period
Use of Information • Monitoring project Performance • Improve intermediary outcomes [quality vs. timelines] • Improve process • re-distribute personnel • review protocols/timelines • Describing performance level -[effectiveness and efficiency]
Related Issues Questions, Comments, Suggestions
Workshop Session Two For your project, identify, or discuss applicability of: • Goals, Protocols, Action Plan (or similar framework) • Expected Outcomes - final [and intermediary, if applicable] • Outcome Tracking: (a) process and (b) use- improving outcomes (formative eval.) and finding effectiveness (summative eval.) • Tracking resource utilization (time/cost …): (a) process and (b) use for process improvement and finding efficiency (summative eval.) • Instrument and database alternatives