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United States Experience: Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators

United States Experience: Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators. US Standards Controls Emissions. US Standards. 40 CFR part 60, subpart Ce - Emission Guidelines and Compliance Times for Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators

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United States Experience: Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators

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  1. United States Experience: Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators • US Standards • Controls • Emissions

  2. US Standards • 40 CFR part 60, subpart Ce - Emission Guidelines and Compliance Times for Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators • 40 CFR part 60, subpart Ec - Standards of Performance for Hospital/Medical/ Infectious Waste Incinerators for which Construction is Commenced after June 20, 1996 • Both rules have specific dioxin/furan emission limits • The standards are currently being revised to address a court remand, as well as issues raised by recent court decisions. Revisions will be proposed in November 2008. • For more information, contact: Mary Johnson of EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards at (919) 541-5025 or johnson.mary@epa.gov.

  3. Emission Limits • Subpart Ce: • All units - 125 ng/dscm total CDD/CDF at 7% oxygen or 2.3 ng/dscm TEQ at 7% oxygen • Subpart Ec: • Small units (maximum design waste burning capacity is less than or equal to 200 pounds per hour) - 125 ng/dscm total CDD/CDF at 7% oxygen or 2.3 ng/dscm TEQ at 7% oxygen • Medium and large units (maximum design waste burning capacity is greater than 200 pounds per hour) - 25 ng/dscm total CDD/CDF at 7% oxygen or 0.6 ng/dscm TEQ at 7% oxygen

  4. Controls • Sources are not required to use certain control technologies to achieve the dioxin and furan emission standards. Sources can use any means to achieve the standards. • The current standards are based on good combustion and use of a wet scrubber, but a dry lime injection fabric filter (dry scrubber) with activated carbon would also achieve the standards. • The current standards for small units are based on good combustion and use of a wet scrubber, but a dry lime injection fabric filter (dry scrubber) with activated carbon would also achieve the standards. • The current standards for medium and large units are based on good combustion and use of a combined dry/wet system (dry scrubber with activated carbon + wet scrubber).

  5. US Hospital/Medical/ Infectious Waste Incinerator Emissions * In EPA’s 2007 inventory, 76 units at 70 facilities estimated to emit 0.58 g TEQ per year . Reference: Docket EPA-HQ-OAR-2006-0534, item 0097 - MACT Performance Data for HMIWI Facilities (memo dated January 12, 2007).

  6. Summary and Conclusions • US standards have specific dioxin/furans limits. • Emissions have declined greatly since 1990 due to closure of incinerators and implementation of standards.

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