Prof. Dr. Pieter J.D.Drenth President All European Academies (ALLEA)

1. SCIENTIFIC INTEGRITY AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITYthe role of academies of sciences and humanities Prof. Dr. Pieter J.D.Drenth President All European Academies (ALLEA)

2. Trust in science • Trust is the most important pillar on which science rests • Eurobarometer 2005: Europeans consider themselves poorly informed, resulting in sceptical attitudes. • Paradox: People expect science to solve most current and future problems. At the same time fear, scepticism and negative sentiments. • Not all criticism is objectionable. Questions and criticiisms have to be given serious attention

3. 7th Framework programme • Academies and other scientific organisations and agencies have an important role with respect to public opinions • FP7: - Embedding throughout 7th FP • Focussing on core themes • Co-ordination of national programmes

4. Communication • Insufficient and unfair communication is part of the problem • Much of our knowledge with respect to pressing questions and problems is uncertain, probabilistic and contingent • Important task for ALLEA’s Working Group on ‘science and the media’. • Not for all socio/ethical difficultiesin science the blaim can be laid at the door of (mis)communication; problems can be related to nature of scientific endeavour, or to (lack of) integrity of scientist.

5. External social/ethical problems in science • Justification of choice of subject • Independence from ‘interested’ parties • Responsibilioty for what is being done with the research results • Ethical problems raised by the scientific developments themselves (stem cells, g-m food, nuclear fission) • No go decisions? • Abuse of science not to be blamed on science itself • Constraints to be imposed on science is dangerous path • Some ‘no go’ decisions incontestable • More room for ‘slow go’ decisions?

6. Internal ethical problems • Improper behaviour viz-à-viz subjects of research • Improper dealing with general public and media • Disregarding rules of good practice • Manipulation of data or interpretation (fraud and deceit) • Infringement of intellectual property rights

7. Occurrence of misconduct • Hard data difficult to obtain • Number of reported cases in public media growing • Fully-fledged cases still rare, but smaller lapses may not, and often go unnoticed • Causes vary (external pressure, financial incentives, vanity), but increasing pressure on researchers to produce and to publish certainly important cause. • Many corrective or preventive measures have been proposed and introduced, but development of scientific conscience and fostering proper sense of values most important

8. Role of ACADEMIES ? • Academies have an important advisory role, also regarding ethical issues • Scientific misconduct case of growing concern • Often no official protocol • Many academies have already developed prescriptive set of rules, code of conduct, procedure for handling reported cases of misconduct • ESF: - National academies should draw up national codes of good scioentific practice • National academies shopuld initiatie discussions on procedures for investigating scientific misconduct

9. Associations of Academies • Placing issue on the agenda • Stimulation, information and advice with respect to individual academies • International coordination: alignment around common principles? • Dealing with misconduct in international research

10. ALl European Academies (ALLEA) • Memorandum on scientific integrity • Proposal: National Committee on Scientific Integrity: advisory board / science court of appeal • Model to stimukate discussion and to coordinate European approach