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All E uropean A cademies

All E uropean A cademies. ALLEA President Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER 7th euroCRIS Strategic Seminar September 14-15, 2009, Brussels R ECORDING RESEARCH. Research output = new knowledge. science society information, applications, education. Jüri Engelbrecht

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All E uropean A cademies

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  1. All European Academies ALLEA President Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER 7th euroCRIS Strategic Seminar September 14-15, 2009, Brussels RECORDING RESEARCH

  2. Research output = new knowledge • science • society • information, applications, education Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER Brussels, 14-15 September, 2009

  3. Science  society Semiotics (J.Lotman): overlapping (of signs, systems, …) is trivial, links between not-overlapping areas are important. Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER Brussels, 14-15 September, 2009

  4. Some requirements • inside: • research ethics, research integrity • outside: • new knowledge, applicability Michael Faraday to Gladstone: “One day, Sir, you may tax it.” (on practical worth of electricity) Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER Brussels, 14-15 September, 2009

  5. Recording • information, databases • basis for new ideas • basis for applications • advice for society Benjamin Franklin: to study, to finish, to publish Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER Brussels, 14-15 September, 2009

  6. Information (1) • past –publications • present – electronic press, databases • starting – ontologies, metalanguages Examples: Gene Ontology (GO): 25 thou terms, 3.3 milliion annotations Open Biomedical Ontologies (OBO) Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER Brussels, 14-15 September, 2009

  7. Information (2) future – text mining – automatic processing see Science, 2009, 14 Aug, 328, pp. 828-823 Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER Brussels, 14-15 September, 2009

  8. Funding • based on recording, ie on results • based on ideas, ie on plans • based on needs, ie on societal problems, industrial interests • based on trust • PROBLEM – pressure on scientists, especially on younger scientists “Publish or perish” – attributed to K.C.Atwood Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER Brussels, 14-15 September, 2009

  9. Quantification of research – a research itself • citation index • impact factor • h-index – single author Hirsch • h-b index – topics Hirsch - Banks • g-index – single author but h2 Egghe • Erdös number • ...... • discrepancies Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER Brussels, 14-15 September, 2009

  10. Research integrity • honesty • reliability • objectivity • impartiality and independence • open communication • fairness Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER Brussels, 14-15 September, 2009

  11. Misconduct • fabrication • falsification • plagiarism questionable research practices (QRP) personal misconduct (intimidation of students, discrimination...) citations authorship(s) “salami-slicing” .... Wolfgang Pauli: “I don’t mind your thinking slowly: I mind your publishing faster than you think.” Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER Brussels, 14-15 September, 2009

  12. The role of Academies ALLEA Standing Committee on Science&Ethics Conferences on responsibility of scientists (1999) and on values (2005) Recent conference: “Strengthening Scientific Integrity: Towards a European Code of Conduct? The role of the European National Academies”, Vienna (29-30.06.2009)  principles of scientific integrity dealing with allegations of misconduct recommended rules for procedures Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER Brussels, 14-15 September, 2009

  13. From Vienna conference • Researchers should endeavour to publish the results and interpretati- ons of their research in an open, honest, transparent and accurate manner. • Researchers should strive to ensure the earliest possible publication of the results of publicly-funded research, unless commercial conside- rations or patent application would call for (some) delay. • Authorship can only be based on a creative contribution to the research. Honorary or ‘ghost’ authorship is not acceptable. All authors are fully responsible for the content of the publication. • Important work and intellectual contributions of others that have influenced the reported research should be appropriately acknowledged. Related work should be correctly cited. Only (paper or electronically) printed publications and publications ‘in print’ can be cited. …… Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER Brussels, 14-15 September, 2009

  14. World Conference on Scientific Integrity Lisbon, 2007 Singapore,2010 ESF process “Research Integrity” Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER Brussels, 14-15 September, 2009

  15. WEF/IAP, Tianjin, 2008 Statement of Global Young Scientists: “Making a better world needs better science – we young scientists are ready to contribute our share.” ALLEA/ESF project – Towards a European Young Academy Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER Brussels, 14-15 September, 2009

  16. Thank you very much for your attention! Jüri Engelbrecht THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER Brussels, 14-15 September, 2009

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