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Tracking an Offender

Tracking an Offender. Communication Between Layers in Different Hosts. receiver. sender. data. data. Application. Application. AH. data. PH. Presentation. Presentation. data. Session. Session. SH. data. TH. Transport. Transport. data. Network. Network. NH. data. Data link.

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Tracking an Offender

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  1. Tracking an Offender

  2. Communication Between Layers in Different Hosts receiver sender data data Application Application AH data PH Presentation Presentation data Session Session SH data TH Transport Transport data Network Network NH data Data link Data link DH DT data BITS Physical Physical

  3. TCP/IP Family

  4. Network Class

  5. IP Address

  6. Subnetting • Add another level to address/routing hierarchy: subnet • Subnet masks define variable partition of host part • Subnets visible only within site

  7. Basic Concepts and Tools • Media Access Control • ARP • TCP/IP, UDP • DHCP • DNS • ping, traceroute, dig, nslookup, ipconfig/ifconfig • whois

  8. Investigating Emails • Increasing volume of fraudulent email • Virus propagation • Spam in the workplace • Increased successful prosecution of spammers • Deleting email

  9. Email System • One example open source email system: • http://www.qmailrocks.com/

  10. Analyzing Message Headers • Envelope header information • Added by sender • Often forged • Message header • Added by receiver • Use these for analysis • Sample message header • http://www.stopspam.org/: Email Abuse -> Email header

  11. Spam Tools • Robomail: mass mailer • http://www.inter7.com/ • Email harvester • http://www.lencom.com/ • http://www.paulgraham.com/ • CAN-SPAM Act: Requirements for Commercial Emailers

  12. Email Phishing • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phishing • Serious threat of financial loss • Newest, most damaging type of spam • Rely on “Social Engineering” • http://www.antiphishing.org/

  13. URL Obfuscation With @ • What is the format of a URL? [protocol]://[user@]system[:portnum]/file • If we are accessing a web site… • Protocol is http • User is blank and port number is blank (defaults to 80) • Therefore, we get something like: • http://www.microsoft.com • Hide real destination inside the URL: • http://www.microsoft.com&item=q122134@www.phrack.org

  14. Fighting Spam • Spam Filter • http://www.spamhaus.org/ • http://www.spamconference.org/

  15. CAN-SPAM Do’s • Accurate Header • From • Subject • Origin, routing, destination • Include Opt-Out Method • Include real business address • Clearly note that the email is advertisement

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