Women and Progressives

1. Women and Progressives Chapter 21, Section 2 Pgs. 615-619

2. Suffragist • Men and women who fought for woman’s right to vote

3. Prohibition • The passing of laws to prohibit the making or selling of alcohol.

4. Women in 1910 • About 7.5 million women worked outside the home in 1910. • This was an increase of 4 million since 1890. • One reason is that more women were receiving a higher education and starting their own careers.

5. The New Woman • The “new woman” was a popular term for educated, up-to-date women who pursued interests outside their homes. • Many of these women became role models like Jane Addams for example.

6. Mother Cabrini • Mother Cabrini was an Italian nun who came to the United States to work with the poor.

7. A Woman’s Outlet • Women’s clubs began focusing on social problems and gave women a positive outlet for their talents and energy. • Women’s clubs refused to allow African American however so they established their own network of clubs.

8. National Association of Colored Women • Mary Church Terrell was the first president of the National Association of Colored Women. • The association established homes for orphans, founded hospitals, and worked for woman suffrage.

9. National Woman Suffrage Association • Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony founded the National Woman Suffrage Association. • They called for a constitutional amendment allowing women to vote in national elections.

10. American Woman Suffrage Association • This group focused on winning women the right to vote in state elections. • The two groups joined forces to create the National American Woman Suffrage Association.

11. Shaw and Catt • Anna Howard Shaw and Carrie Chapman Catt led the National American Woman Suffrage Association. • By 1917 this group had more than 2 million members • Their first victory was in Wyoming who gave women the right to vote in 1890.

12. Alice Paul • Alice Paul was a Quaker who founded the National Woman’s Party in 1916. • She was a suffragist and sought greater economic and legal equality as well as suffrage for women. • Alice Paul introduced hunger strikes and protest marches to the movement. • When President Wilson refused to support woman’s suffrage, she led protestors in a hunger strike in front of the White House.

14. The Nineteenth Amendment • The 19th amendment allowed woman suffrage. • It was ratified in 1920, in time for women to vote in that year’s presidential election.

15. Challenging Business Interests • Women sponsored laws to regulate the labor of women and children and to require government inspection of workplaces. • They persuaded Congress to create the Children’s Bureau in the labor Department. • They were part of the movement to reform and regulate the food and medicine industries.

16. WTUL • Women’s groups joined with working-class union women to form the Women’s Trade Union League. • The WTUL encouraged working women to form women’s labor unions. • It also supported laws to protect the rights of women factory workers. • WTUL members raised money to help striking workers and pay bail for women who were arrested for participating in strikes.

17. WCTU • The Woman’s Christian Temperance Union called for temperance and prohibition. • Temperance is the urging of individuals to stop drinking. • Frances Willard was the leader and led a campaign to educate the public about the links between alcohol abuse and violence, poverty, and unemployment. • Carry Nation was a temperance crusader who pushed her way into saloons and broke bottles and kegs with an ax.

20. The Eighteenth Amendment • The 18th amendment, known as the Prohibition Law, made it illegal to make, transport, or sell alcohol in the United States. • The law was ratified in 1919.