Three personnel structure examinations for improving nurse roster quality

1. Three personnel structure examinations for improving nurse roster quality Komarudin, G. Vanden Berghe, M.-A. Guerry, and T. De Feyter

2. Contents • Introduction • Personnel structure • Nurse rostering problem • Literature review • Problem Statement • Three proposed examinations • Implementation example • Conclusion and future research

3. Introduction - Personnel structure • represents the number and the composition of distinct personnel subgroups • used for (long term) manpower planning

4. Introduction - Personnel structure • represents the number and the composition of distinct personnel subgroups • used for (long term) manpower planning

5. Introduction - Nurse Rostering • concerns arranging the available nursing personnel to work requirements. • Short to medium planning period M: Morning (6-14) D: Day (14-22) N: Night (22-6) S1: Skill-1 S2: Skill-2

6. Introduction - Nurse Rostering • concerns arranging the available nursing personnel to work requirements. • Short to medium planning period M: Morning (6-14) D: Day (14-22) N: Night (22-6) S1: Skill-1 S2: Skill-2

7. Nurse Rostering Problem Day-shift after night shift • Many constraints • Quality = the violation of soft constraints • The lower the better M = Morning (6-14), D = Day (14-22), N = Night (22-6)

8. Nurse Rostering Problem -More on Soft Constraints Refer to Bilgin et al. (2010) for more detail

9. Nurse Rostering Problem -More on Soft Constraints • NP-hard Problem Used metaheuristics (VNS & ALNS ) Refer to Bilgin et al. (2010) for more detail

10. Current practice Usually fixed

11. Current practice Usually fixed Undesired condition • Understaffing • Overstaffing • Conflicting constraints

12. Current practice Usually fixed How we can change PS  good quality roster? Undesired condition • Understaffing • Overstaffing • Conflicting constraints

13. Literature review

14. Problem statement How to investigate the suitability of a personnel structure while considering the roster quality?

15. Three proposed examinations Problem statement • Static check • Roster quality component examination • Simple neighbourhood examination How to investigate the suitability of a personnel structure while considering the roster quality?

16. (1) Static check Personnel structure Rostering Problem Resources Work requirements Can be more detailed, e.g. ratio for weekend

17. (1) Static check Personnel structure Rostering Problem Resources Work requirements Discards many rostering constraints Can be more detailed, e.g. ratio for weekend

18. (2) Roster quality component examination 1

19. (2) Roster quality component examination 1 Coverage Constraints Secondary Skill Personnel requests Series 2 Counter

20. 3 (2) Roster quality component examination Coverage Constraints Secondary Skill Personnel requests Series 2 Counter

21. 1 (3) Simple neighbourhood examination

22. 1 (3) Simple neighbourhood examination • Generate 5 problem instances • Run the algorithm 5 replications 2

23. 1 Simple neighbourhood examination • Generate 5 problem instances • Run the algorithm 5 replications 2 3

24. Implementation example • Emergency ward • 4 weeks

25. Emergency ward(1) static check & (2) roster quality 1 Reasonable, provide some extra time for vacation/illness

26. Emergency ward(1) static check & (2) roster quality 1 Reasonable, provide some extra time for vacation/illness 2 The lower the better Soft constraint violations Skill 4 understaffed

27. Emergency ward(3) Simple neighbourhood examination 3 The lower the better

28. Emergency ward(3) Simple neighbourhood examination 3 Wilcoxon test produces very low p-values, close to zero. Difference significant Lower the better Add skill type 2, 3, and 4

29. Conclusion and future research • Three examinations provide: • constraints that cannot be satisfied with the given personnel structure and • alternative personnel structures that enable better quality rosters. • Future research • develop an optimization approach to find the most preferable personnel structure

30. References • Abernathy, W. J., Baloff, N., Hershey, C. J. & Wandel, S., 1973. A Three-Stage Manpower Planning and Scheduling Model-A Service Sector Example. Operations Research, 21(3), pp. 693-711. • Bard, J. F. & Purnomo, H. W., 2005. A column generation-based approach to solve the preference scheduling problem for nurses with downgrading. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 39(3), pp. 193-213. • Beliën, J., Cardoen, B. & Demeulemeester, E., 2011.. Improving workforce scheduling of aircraft line maintenance at Sabena Technics. Interfaces. In Press. • Bilgin, B., De Causmaecker, P., Rossie, B. & VandenBerghe, G., 2010. Local search neighbourhoods for dealing with a novel nurse rostering model. Annals of Operations Research, pp. 1-25. • Corominas, A., Lusa, A. & Pastor, R., 2007. Planning production and working time within an annualised hours scheme framework. Annals of Operations Research, 155(1), pp. 5-23.

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