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States And Properties of Matter

States And Properties of Matter. Matter: What it Is and What It Isn ’ t. Matter is all around us – it is almost anything that you can see, touch, taste, or smell. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.

garrett-dickerson
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States And Properties of Matter

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  1. States And Properties of Matter

  2. Matter: What it Is and What It Isn’t • Matter is all around us – it is almost anything that you can see, touch, taste, or smell. • Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. • Examples that are NOT matter are light, heat, thoughts, feelings, or ideas.

  3. PHASES OF MATTER • Matter on Earth can exist as 4 different phases or states. • Solid • Liquid • Gas • Plasma • All living and non-living things are made of matter.

  4. SOLID • Has a definite volume and a definite shape. • The atoms or molecules in a solid are strongly attracted to one another and tightly packed. • Examples: • Rocks • Desk • Apple

  5. LIQUID • has a definite volume but no definite shape. • The atoms or molecules in a liquid are attracted to each other, but not as strongly as those of a solid. • Particles are free to move over and around each other. • Water • Blood • Milk

  6. GAS • Has no definite volume and no definite shape. • The atoms or molecules of gases have very little attractive force on each other. This causes them to move freely and independently. • The atoms or molecules move apart until they’re evenly spaced throughout the container they are placed in. • Examples: • Air (mixture of different gases) • Water Vapor (water in a gas form)

  7. Solid / Liquid / Gas Particles

  8. Plasma • Most of the matter in the universe, like the stars and sun, is in the plasma state. • Is an electrically charged gas • Plasma exists at very high temperatures and pressures.

  9. Plasma on Earth • On Earth, plasma is found in lightning bolts. • Also in Plasma TV’s, Fluorescent Bulbs, and Neon Signs!

  10. Examples of Particles Moving • http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/states_of_matter/ • http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/studyjams/matter_states/

  11. What are properties? • Think of your favorite food. In one paragraph, describe your food. • What does it look like? Smell like? • DO NOT GIVE THE NAME OF YOUR FOOD IN THE PARAGRAPH!

  12. Properties of Matter • There are two basic types of properties that we can associate with matter. • Physical Properties: Properties that do not change the chemical nature of matter • Chemical Properties: Properties that do change the chemical nature of matter

  13. Properties of Matter Continued

  14. WAYS TO MEASURE MATTER • Mass – the amount of matter in an object. • Measured in grams (g) and kilograms (kg) • Volume – The amount of space an object takes up. • Measured in milliliters (mL) and liters (L), or cm3 • Density – amount of matter in a given volume of a substance • Weight – The downward pull on an object due to gravity.

  15. PHASE CHANGES • Matter will change phases when heat is added or lost. • Melting: solid to a liquid (heat is added) • Sublimation: solid to a gas (heat is added) • Evaporation: liquid to a gas (heat is added) • Freezing: liquid to a solid (heat is lost) • Condensation: gas to a liquid (heat is lost) • Deposition: gas to a solid (heat is lost)

  16. PHASE CHANGES Gas Evaporation Condensation Liquid DEPOSITION SUBLIMATION Freezing Solid Melting

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