1 / 19

Prologue: The Story of Psychology

Discover the historical roots and major developments in psychology from ancient philosophers like Confucius to modern concepts like Behaviorism and Humanistic Psychology. Explore key figures and debates that have shaped the science of the mind.

garypeterson
Download Presentation

Prologue: The Story of Psychology

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Prologue: The Story of Psychology Psychology’s Roots • Pre-scientific • Scientific

  2. Pre-science Philosophy Science Biology & Medicine

  3. Prescientific Psychology Confucius (551-479 B.C.) home.tiscali.be/alain.ernotte/livre/confucius.jpg In China, Confucius stressed the power of ideas and the importance of an educated mind.

  4. Prescientific Psychology Socrates (469-399 B.C.) and Plato (428-348 B.C.) http://www.law.umkc.edu http://www.law.umkc.edu Socrates Plato Socrates and his student Plato believed the mind was separate from the body, the mind continued to exist after death, and ideas were innate.

  5. Prescientific Psychology Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) http://faculty.washington.edu Aristotle suggested that the soul is not separable from the body and that knowledge (ideas) grow from experience.

  6. Prescientific Psychology Rene Descartes (1596-1650) http://www.spacerad.com http://ocw.mit.edu Descartes, like Plato, believed in soul (mind)-body separation, but wondered how the immaterial mind and physical body communicated.

  7. Prescientific Psychology John Locke (1632-1704) biografieonline.it/img/bio/John_Locke.jpg Locke held that the mind was a tabula rasa, or blank sheet, at birth, and experiences wrote on it.

  8. Prescientific Psychology How are ideas formed?

  9. Psychology’s Big Debate Nature versus Nurture Darwin (1809-1882)

  10. Psychological Science is Born Structuralism Titchner (1867-1927) Wundt (1832-1920) Wundt and Titchener studied the elements (atoms) of the mind by conducting experiments at Leipzig, Germany, in 1879.

  11. Psychological Science is Born Functionalism James (1842-1910) Mary Calkins Influenced by Darwin, William James established the school of functionalism, which opposed structuralism.

  12. Psychological Science is Born The Unconscious Mind Freud (1856-1939) Sigmund Freud and his followers emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind and its effects on human behavior.

  13. Psychological Science Develops Behaviorism Skinner (1904-1990) Watson (1878-1958) Watson (1913) and later Skinner emphasized the study of overt behavior as the subject matter of scientific psychology.

  14. Psychological Science Develops Humanistic Psychology Maslow (1908-1970) http://facultyweb.cortland.edu Rogers (1902-1987) http://www.carlrogers.dk Maslow and Rogers emphasized current environmental influences on our growth potential and our need for love and acceptance.

  15. Psychology Today We define psychology today as the scientific study of behavior (what we do) and mental processes (inner thoughts and feelings).

  16. Psychology’s Three Main Levels of Analysis

  17. Psychology’s Subfields: Research

  18. Psychology’s Subfields: Applied

  19. Close-up Additional Study Hints • Distribute your time. • Listen actively in class. • Overlearn. • Be a smart test-taker.

More Related